Yuni 15, 2014
Shotcrete an ƙera shi ne don ɗaukar kuzari, ba ƙarfin matsawa ba. Wannan bambance-bambancen guda ɗaya ya bayyana dalilin da yasa aikin rami ke amfani da gajeriyar fiber, babban sashi da dunƙule manne.
Goyan bayan rami na farko yana bin dabaru daban-daban daga tsarin saman. Lokacin da ƙasa ta lalace, Layer ɗin da aka fesa dole ne ya lalace da shi maimakon spashewa ba zato ba tsammani, don haka ma'aunin ƙira shine yawan kuzarin da Layer ɗin ke ɗauka a jujjuyawar da aka bayar. Ayyukan Turai sun ƙayyade ragowar ƙarfi ko shar kuzari tare da gwaji zuwa EN 14488-3; Ayyukan Arewacin Amurka yawanci yana aiki tare da taurin sassauƙa. Wannan shine inda fiber na karfe ke samun wurinsa: shotcrete bayyananne yana rasa iya aiki lokacin da ya tsage, yayin da Layer-ƙarfafa fiber yana riƙe ɗan ƙaramin juzu'in ƙarfinsa bayan fashe, wanda ke siyan lokaci don ƙaura da ƙara tallafi.
Rebound shine cibiyar farashi mai ɓoye na shotcrete. Abubuwan da ba su tsaya ba suna faɗuwa da baya, kuma a fili harbin yakan koma 15% zuwa 25%; fiber yana ƙara dan kadan saboda zaruruwa suna billa a bututun ƙarfe. Tsawon shine mafi mahimmancin canji: 30 mm fiber rebounds a fili fiye da 20 mm. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa aikin rami kusan baya amfani da fiber 50 ko 60 mm, kodayake mafi tsayin fiber anchors mafi kyau a ka'idar. Amincewa mai amfani shine 20 zuwa 30 mm tare da diamita kusa da 0.55 mm, don haka fiber yana bin rafin iska zuwa saman.
Rigar cakuda yana ƙuntata tsawon fiber fiye da busassun cakuda. Ana zubar da kayan rigar ta hanyar layi, don haka dogon gadoji na fiber da tubalan a tanƙwara; a bututun ƙarfe dole ne a tarwatsa shi da iska mai matsewa. 20 zuwa 30 mm ya dace da yawancin robobin rigar-mix, tare da diamita na 0.5 zuwa 0.75 mm, yana ba da ma'auni na 40 zuwa 55. Idan ƙayyadadden ƙwayar makamashi yana da girma, daidaitaccen amsa ya fi sashi, ba tsawon fiber ba: haɓaka 30 zuwa 45 kg / m3 yana haɓaka haɓakar makamashi ta kan kashi 40 kawai yayin da aka dawo da kashi uku.
Matsakaicin harbin rami yakan faɗi tsakanin 25 zuwa 45 kg/m3. Tsawon 25 zuwa 30 yana rufe matakan daidaitawa a bayan dutse mai kyau; 35 zuwa 45 yana rufe wuraren da ba daidai ba, murfin mara zurfi da manyan sassan lalacewa. Sama da 45 kg/m3 aiki yana faɗuwa a bayyane kuma mai aiki yana ƙara ruwa da hankali, wanda ke yanke ƙarfi kai tsaye. Wannan shine ainihin dalilin da yasa shafuka da yawa ke ba da rahoton isassun allurai amma ƙarancin ƙarfi. Dole ne a haɗe babban sashi tare da abubuwan da ke rage ruwa da gyaggyarawa da ɗanɗano, da duban raguwa da haɗin kai kafin fesa.
Fiber ball a cikin Layer ya fi muni fiye da mara amfani: yana haifar da maras amfani da jirgin sama mai rauni wanda ya zama mai fashewa lokacin da ƙasa ta motsa. Balling yana da dalilai guda uku: ciyar da fiber da ɗan hannu a cikin mahaɗin, rashin isasshen lokacin haɗawa, da ma'ana mai yawa. Fiber yakamata a yayyafawa ko ciyar da na'ura mai sadaukarwa, sannan a tsawaita hadawa da dakika 30 zuwa 60 akan siminti. Manne fiber bundles suna rage haɗari sosai: ana ciyar da jere azaman raka'a, manne mai narkewar ruwa yana narkewa, kuma kowane fiber yana rabuwa daban-daban, yana haɓaka daidaituwa ta fiye da 40% akan fiber maras kyau. Abin da ya sa mutum-mutumin rigar-mix ya fi son daure manne.
Karfe fiber ba ya maye gurbin karfe arches. A cikin azuzuwan ƙasa IV da V baka yana ba da taurin duniya yayin da fiber ke ba da ƙarfi ga Layer kanta; suna yin ayyuka daban-daban. Fiber na iya, ko da yake, ya maye gurbin raga a cikin Layer, cire rataye, ɗaure da sanya aiki da kuma kawar da ɓarna a bayan raga. Haɗin gama gari akan rukunin yanar gizo shine baka na ƙarfe da ƙarfin ƙarfin fiber-fiber ba tare da raga ba. Yana bayar da mafi yawa a canza bayanan martaba, inda raga ba zai iya bin fuskar dutsen da ba ta dace ba amma fiber kankare zai iya.
Rebound shine mafi girman alamar farashi kai tsaye a cikin rami shotcrete, kuma canjin sa na farko ba fiber bane amma tsari. A cikin rigar cakuda kayan an riga an tarwatsa su yayin da ake yin famfo kuma ana ƙara na'urar a cikin bututun ƙarfe, don haka mafi yawan kullun ƙwallo ne na ƙarya waɗanda ke haɗa su ta hanyar manna waɗanda ke fashewa a cikin jirgin. Dry mix shine baya: ana ƙara ruwa a bututun ruwa, hydration bai dace ba, kuma fiber yana taruwa cikin ƙwallo na gaskiya akan bangon tiyo da lanƙwasa, kuma ɗayan waɗanda suka isa kambi ya bar fanko. Zaɓi tsari daga sashe da kauri. Don rufin dindindin na 20 zuwa 30 mm a kowane fasinja, haɗin rigar yana ba da daidaiton kauri a bayyane; don goyon bayan wucin gadi, gyaran gaggawa da canje-canjen sashe na ba zato ba tsammani, busassun gauraya ya dace da kyau kuma yana karɓar babban koma baya. Rigar cakuda tana ɗaukar bayanai uku. Tsawon fiber bai kamata ya wuce kashi ɗaya bisa uku na bututun ba, don haka fiber 50 mm a cikin bututun 65 mm zai toshe. Matsakaicin hanzari yana biye da ɓacin rai a fuskar dutsen, da yawa yana yin gatsewa kuma kaɗan yana barin shi ya ragu, kuma ko dai ta hanyar fiber ɗin ya daina aiki. Rike bututun ƙarfe 1 zuwa 1.5 m daga saman kuma fesa perpendicular; feshin angled yana daidaita zaruruwa tare da rafin iska kuma yana haifar da jirgin sama mara ƙarfi na anisotropic. Ana auna ƙarfin kuzari ta hanyar gwajin panel a cikin EN 14488-3, kuma karɓa shine yanki a ƙarƙashin madaidaicin juzu'i maimakon ƙimar kololuwa ɗaya, wanda kwangilar yakamata ta faɗi a sarari.
Yarda da zaren shotcrete yana kallon abubuwa uku: sashi, daidaituwar rarrabawa da taurin sassauƙa. Ana duba sashi ta hanyar wanke samfurin rukunin yanar gizon da aunawa, a cikin ƙari ko debe 10%; daidaituwa ta hanyar coring da dubawa da yanke fuska, wanda ya kamata ya nuna fiber ya yada a ko'ina ba tare da facin fiber-free ba; tauri ta gwajin katako mai suna a cikin zane. Don ƙirar ƙira, diamita, tsayi da adadin shawarar da aka ba da shawarar, sashin rami da ma'adinai na shafin samfurin fiber na ƙarfe yana lissafin madaidaitan maki da sashi, wanda za'a iya haɗe kai tsaye azaman haɗin fasaha.
Faɗa mana yanayin aikin ku da buƙatun ku, kuma za mu dace da mafita mai kyau kuma za mu ba da ƙima a cikin sa'o'i 24.
Samu Magana KyautaMicrowire-plated Copper, sanyi kusan ƙugiya ƙarshen nau'in, manne a jere, nau'in ƙasa, 304 / 310S / 446 bakin karfe da narke-zana fiber mai jurewa, UHPC na musamman fiber na roba, diamita 0.2 zuwa 1.0 mm, tsayin 6 zuwa 60 mm, ƙarfin ƙarfi 700 zuwa 2850% ƙarar abun ciki zuwa 3.0 MP0a. 268 kg/m³. Za a iya shirya samarwa daidai da ASTM A820 ko EN 14889-1 kuma ana iya ba da rahoton binciken batch. Ana tallafawa nau'ikan marufi uku: kwali, jakunkuna ton da yawa. Sharuɗɗan ciniki zaɓi ne EXW / FOB / CIF / DDP.
Koyi game da zaɓin fiber karfe da zance →