Fibre asiye ci beton tunnel: Rebond, absorption energie ak distance buse

Bagaas

juin 15 2014

Beton shot dañu ko jagleel ngir mu naan energie, du ngir mu dëgër ci compression. Benn wuute boobu mooy leeral lu tax liggéeyu tunel bi dafay jëfandikoo fibre yu gàtt, dose yu bari ak ay paket yuñ kollee.

Li Shotcrete soxla mooy absorption energie, du doole

Support tunnel bu njëkk bi dafa topp logique bu wuute ak structure surface bi. Su suuf si deformee, couche biñ sprey dafa wara deforme ak moom moo gën ñu dagg ci saasi, kon parametru konseptioŋ bi mooy ba ñaata energie la couche bi di xëcci ci benn deflection. Jëfandikoo waa Ëroop dafay leeral dooley dessitu wala absorpsioŋ energie ak test ci EN 14488-3; Jëfandikoo Amerique du Nord dafay faral di liggéey ak dëgëraay flexional. Mooy barab bi fibre asiye wara am palaas: beton shotcrete plain dafay ñàkk kàttan saa yumu xar, waaye couche fibre-reinforcé dafay tëye paccum kàttan bu mag ginaaw bimu xar, loolu mooy jënd jotu rawale ak yokk support.

Rebond: Fibre bu gëna gudd dafay gëna rebond

Rebound mooy njëg bu nëbbu bi ci shotcrete. Matériel bu dul teye dafay daanu ci ginaaw, te beton buñ raxas dafay dellu ginaaw 15% ba 25%; fibre yokk ko tuuti ndax fibre yi dañuy rebond ci buse bi. Guddaay bi mooy variable bi gëna am solo: fibre 30 mm dafay rebond lu ëpp 20 mm. Moo tax liggéeyum tunnel daanaka du musa jëfandikoo fibre 50 wala 60 mm, doonte fibre yu gëna gudd ñooy gëna ancre ci theorie. Li gëna am solo mooy 20 ba 30 mm ak diametre bu jege 0.55 mm, kon fibre bi dafay topp ngelaw li ci kaw suuf si.

20-30 mm mooy guddaay biñ wara liggéey ngir njaxas mu tooy

Njaxas mu tooy dafay wàññi guddaayu fibre bi gëna njaxas mu waw. Materiel bu tooy bi dañu koy pompe jaaraleko ci benn liiñ, kon fibre yu gudd pont ak blok ci bërëb yi; ci buse bi dafa wara tasaaroo ci air comprimé. 20 ba 30 mm ñoo méngoo ak robot yiy jaxase lu tooy, ak diametre 0.5 ba 0.75 mm, di joxe ratio aspect bu 40 ba 55. Sudee absorption energie biñ wax dafa yéeg, tontu bu jaar yoon mooy dose bu gëna bari, fibre bu gëna gudd: yokk 30 ba 45 kg/m3 lift ñaar wala ñetti poñ ci teemeer boo jél.

25-45 kg/m3 ak ay xeeti jëmmal

Dosage beton tunnel mingi faral di wàcci diggante 25 ak 45 kg/m3. ba 30 range muur layers niveaux ci ginaaw xeer yu baax; 35 ba 45 dafay muur zone de faute, muur bu xóotul ak wàll yu yaatu ci deformation. Lu weesu 45 kg/m3 liggéey dafay wàññeeku bu baax, te operatër bi dafay yokk ndox ci boppam, loolu mooy dagg doole ji ci saasi. Loolu moo waral sit yu bari di wax ni dose bi doyna waaye dooleem daa néew. Dose bu bari dañu ko wara boole ak njaxas yuy wàññi ndox mi ak njaxas yiy soppi viscosité bi, ba noppi ñu xool bu baax ndax dañuy lëndëm bu baax balaa ñuy sprey.

Balling: Mode défaillance bi Shotcrete moo gëna ragal

Fibre boule ci biir layer bi moo gëna bonn amul njariñ: dafay defar benn void ak plan bu néew doole buy nekk starter crack su suuf si yëngu. Balling amna ñatti sabab: joxe fibre ak loxo ci biir mixer bi, jotu jaxase bi doyul, ak ratio aspect bu ëpp. Fibre yi dañu leen wara diw wala ñu jox leen ci masin dose buñ jagleel, ba noppi jaxase bi dafay yokk 30 ba 60 seconde ci kaw beton bu amul dara. Fibre yuñ boole dañu wàññi risk bi bu baax: liiñ bi dafay nekk benn, kol biy seey ci ndox mi dafay seey, fibre bu nekk dafay tàqaloo boppam, gëna yombal uniformité bi lu ëpp 40% ci fibre loose. Loolu moo waral robot wet-mix yi taamu paket yuñ kol.

Liggéey ak Arches Mesh ak Asie

Fibre asiye du wecci arc asiye yi. Ci classe IV ak V suuf, arc bi mooy joxe dëgëraay ci àdduna bi, fibre bi mooy joxe dëgëraay ci couche bi ci boppam; ñu ngi def liggéey yu wuute. Fibre mën na, waaye, wecci mesh bi ci biir couche bi, dindi hanging, yeew ak positionnement liggéey ak dindi voids ci ginaaw mesh. Njaxas mi ñuy faral di boole ci barab bi mooy arc asiye ak beton buñ dëgëral ak fibre te amul mbaal. Dafay gëna am njariñ ci coppite profil, fu mesh mënul topp kanam xeer bu jaxasoo waaye fibre beton mën.

Njaxas bu waw ak njaxas bu tooy: Fan la fibre balls di forme

Rebound mooy gëna direct indicateur njëg ci tunnel shotcrete, te variable bi njëkk du fibre bi waaye procédure bi la. Ci njaxas mu tooy, mbir mi dafay tasaaroo bu baax bi ñu koy pompe, ba noppi ñu yokk gasoil bi ci buse bi, kon lumps yu bari dañuy nuru ay boule yu baaxul yuñ tëye ci pat buy daggaatoo ci naaw. Njaxas mu waw mooy leneen: ndox dañu koy yokk ci buse bi, hydratation bi du tolloo, fibre yi dañuy dajaloo nekk boule dëgg ci kaw kuuru hose bi ak ci bërëb yi, ba noppi benn ci ñoom ñuy yegsi ci kuronu bi dafay bàyyi benn lëndëm. Tannal anam wi ñu koy defee ci wàll wi ak yaatuwaayam. Ngir fourure bu nara yàgg diggante 20 ba 30 mm ci paas bu nekk, jaxase bu tooy bi dafay gëna yombal dëgëraay bi; ngir jàppale ci diir bu gàtt, defar ci jamonoy jafe-jafe ak coppite yu gaaw ci wàll wi, jaxase bu waw bi dafay gëna mëna ànd ak nangu rebond bu gëna kawe. Njaxas mu tooy amna ñatti mbir. Guddaayi fibre bi warul weesu benn ci ñatti paccu forage hose bi, kon fibre 50 mm ci hose 65 mm dina fat. Dosage accelerator topp seepage ci kanamu xeer, lu bari def ab couche brittle ak lu néew lool bàyyi ko sag, ak numu mëna deme def fibre taxaw liggéey. Fexeel ba buse bi nekk ci diggante 1 ba 1,5m ak kaw suuf si, nga sprey ko ci anam wu jub; sprey angle dafay méngale fibre yi ak air biy daw ba noppi defar ab plan bu néew doole anisotropic. Absorption energie ñu ngi koy natt ci test panel bi ci EN 14488-3, te nangu gi mooy barab bi ci suufu courbe de déflexion charge bi, du benn valeur bu mag, bi kontraa bi wara wax bu leer.

Ñatti saytu nangu ci sit bi

Nanngu fibre beton shot mingi xool ci ñatti mbir: dose, yamale séddale ak dëgëraay ci flexion. Dosage bi ñu koy saytu mooy raxas echantillon bi ci barab bi ba noppi pese ko, ci diggante yokk wala wàññi 10%; uniformité ci coring ak saytu kanam giñ dagg, lu wara wane fibre tasaaroo ci anam wu tolloo te amul fibre-free patch; dëgëraay ci test traverse biñ tuddee ci jëmmal. Ci wàllu model, diametre, guddaay ak dose biñ digal, wàllu tunnel ak mine ci xëtu produit fibre acier dafay lim grade ak dose bi méngoo, te mën nañu ko boole ci annexe teknik.