Me yasa Fiber Karfe-Karfe Ya Mallake: Makanikan Ƙungiya ɗaya

Labari

Yuni 15, 2012

A daidai diamita da tsayi iri ɗaya, fiber ɗin da aka ƙulle a ƙarshen duka yana haɓaka kusan 40% ƙarin haɗin gwiwa fiye da madaidaiciya. Ƙungiya tana juya haɗin haɗin kai zuwa gogayya tare da maƙallan inji.

Kugiya Shine Anchorage, Ba Ado Ba

Fitar da fiber na karfe daga kankare yana nufin shawo kan abubuwa biyu: juzu'i na tsaka-tsakin fuska da kutse na inji. Fiber madaidaiciya yana da juzu'i kawai, don haka yana fara zamewa a ƙananan damuwa. Fiber ɗin da ke ƙugiya a ƙarshen biyu dole ne ya fara daidaita ƙugiya yayin da yake zamewa, kuma hakan yana cinye ƙarin kuzari, don haka a wannan wurin cirewa yana ɗaukar ƙarin kaya. Wannan shine dukkan sirrin: ƙugiya tana canza yanayin juzu'i zuwa gogayya tare da anga. Hakanan yana nufin ƙugiya ƙugiya, ma'ana tsayin ƙugiya, kusurwa da radius, al'amura fiye da diamita na fiber, kuma lissafi shine ainihin abin da samfur mai arha ke barin.

Inda Bambancin Kashi 40% Ya Fito Daga

Da'awar cewa ƙugiya fiber bond game da 40% mafi kyau fiye da madaidaiciyar fiber shine sakamakon gwajin cirewa, ba talla ba. A cikin matrix iri ɗaya a cikin ɗaki ɗaya, madaidaiciyar zaren zamewa yana kaiwa kusan milimita ɗaya na zamewa sannan ya faɗo da ƙarfi, yayin da fiber ɗin da ke ƙugiya yana hawa sama kuma yana saukowa a hankali. Saukowa a hankali yana nufin ƙarin kuzarin da ake sha kafin gazawa, wanda akan shafin yana karanta kamar fashe amma yana tsaye. Abin da ya sa tunnel shotcrete, ayyukan jure fashewa da abubuwan girgizar ƙasa suna amfani da fiber ƙugiya kusan keɓaɓɓen: suna buƙatar ƙarfin lalacewa kafin gazawar, ba ƙarfin matsawa ba.

0.55, 0.75 da 1.0 mm: Zaɓin Diamita

Diamita uku, ayyuka uku. A 0.55 mm fiber ɗin yana da kyau don ƙimar al'amari sama da 60, wanda ya dace da bangon bakin ciki, haɗaɗɗun kai da babban sashi. A 0.75 mm shine maƙasudin maƙasudin gabaɗaya don benaye, bene mai rufin gada da katako na katako. A 1.0 mm yana ɗaukar mafi yawan kaya a kowace fiber, don yawan zubar da ruwa, benaye masu nauyi da kuma lokuta inda ake maye gurbin mashaya mai kauri. Ka'idar ba ta fi girma ba ta fi kyau amma bayyananne tazara: Tsawon fiber ya kamata ya kasance ƙarƙashin kusan kashi biyu bisa uku na mafi ƙarancin nisa, in ba haka ba fibers gada da baka yayin sanyawa. A kan shinge na mm 150 tare da raga na sama da ƙasa, bayyanannen tazara sau da yawa shine kawai 60 zuwa 80 mm, inda 50 mm tsawo 0.75 mm fiber yana aiki fiye da 60 mm tsawon 1.0 mm fiber.

30, 35, 50 da 60 mm: Tsawon Yana Bi Madaidaicin Tarin

Tsawon ba zaɓi ne mai zaman kansa ba. Tare da matsakaicin matsakaicin 20 mm, tsawon fiber yawanci shine 30 zuwa 40 mm; A kasa 10 mm jimlar zai iya zuwa 50 ko 60 mm. Dalilin yana da sauƙi: fiber yana buƙatar zama kusan ninki uku girman jimlar don yin gada tsakanin ɓangarorin, amma da zarar ya daina dacewa da gibin sai ya buga. Shotcrete shine banda. Fibers a bututun ƙarfe dole ne su faɗi tare da rafin iska, don haka 20 zuwa 30 mm al'ada ne; dogon fiber a bayyane yana ƙaruwa sake dawowa.

Wurin Zane Goma: Me yasa Ƙarfi Ya Rike a 800-1150 MPa

Ƙananan wayar carbon da aka zana sanyi yana samun ƙarfi ta hanyar ƙarfafa aiki. Sanda ya wuce mutuwa fiye da goma a jere, hatsi suna tsawo da kuma tacewa tare da axis, ƙarfi yana hawa tare da kowane wucewa kuma ductility ya faɗi. Canjin wucewa da ƙarfi baya zuwa; da yawa ba tare da annashuwa na tsaka-tsaki ba kuma wayar tana juyewa da karyewa bayan lanƙwasa uku. Tsayayyen layi yana riƙe da bambancin ƙarfi ƙarƙashin 5% kuma yana ba da garantin karyewa bayan lanƙwasawa uku. Waɗannan lambobi biyu sun faɗi ƙarin game da sarrafa tsari fiye da ƙarfin ƙima, saboda suna hasashen ƙimar karyewar yayin haɗuwa. Karyayyun zaruruwa suna zubar da abu kuma suna barin gajerun kututturen da ba su da tushe waɗanda ke ƙarfafa komai.

30-80 kg/m3 da Haƙiƙan Iyakar Maye gurbin raga

Fiber na ƙarfe na iya maye gurbin ragar welded amma ba ƙarfafa tsarin ba, kuma dole ne a faɗi layin a sarari. Mesh yana sarrafa zafin jiki da raguwa, wanda shine ƙarfafawa na biyu; Fiber ɗin ƙarfe daidai gwargwado yana ba da mafi kyawun hani mai girma uku kuma yana cire ɗaure, masu sarari da matsayi. Amma babban ƙarfen tashin hankali a cikin katako, ginshiƙai da soffits na slab ba za a iya cire su ba, saboda fiber mai daidaitacce ba ta da inganci fiye da sandar daidaitacce. Amincewa na gama gari shine maye gurbin saman raga da fiber, kiyaye babban ƙarfe na ƙasa, ko rage diamita na mashaya da milimita ɗaya ko biyu tare da adadin 30 zuwa 80 kg/m3.

Yadda ake Duba ƙugiya: Lanƙwasa shi, auna shi, karya shi

Wayar ƙugiya-ƙarshen tana riƙe yawancin kasuwar fiber ɗin ƙarfe na tsarin, amma ƙugiya ba ɗaya ba ce da anga. Ayyuka guda uku sun daidaita shi a kan shafin ko a cikin dakin samfurin. Da farko, lanƙwasa: ɗauki zaruruwa goma, gyara ƙugiya tare da filan kuma a saki, kuma ƙugiya ya kamata ya koma fiye da rabin kusurwar asali. Maraƙin bazara-baya yana nufin waya tana da girman rabo-to-tensile rabo, don haka ƙugiya ta miƙe a cikin mahaɗin kuma ta shiga simintin azaman waya bayyananne. Na biyu, ma'auni: Tsawon ƙugiya yawanci yakan ninka diamita na waya sau biyu zuwa uku, kusurwar tana da digiri 45 ko 90, kuma ƙarshen duka biyun suna iya fuskantar hanya ɗaya ko akasin haka, amma tsari dole ne ya kasance daidai. Caliper goma zaruruwa; yada sama da kashi goma cikin ɗari a tsayin ƙugiya yana nufin an sawa masu kafawar mutuwa. Na uku, karya: wuyan fiber mai ƙwanƙwasa a gabansa, mai gatsewa yana ɗaukar lebur, kuma hutu mai faɗi yana tsinkaya rashin ƙarfi na sassauƙa. Dalla-dalla ana yawan rasawa. Layin jan karfe yana fashe da farko a lanƙwasa, don haka juya ƙugiya a kan haske; layukan gashi masu duhu suna nufin an kafa ƙugiya ba tare da sake yin kwalliya ba kuma lalata za ta fara can a cikin feshin gishiri. Yaushe ƙugiya zaɓin kuskure ne? A cikin kankare da aka fesa, ƙugiyoyin suna kama raga da ball sama yayin da rabon al'amari ya riga ya iyakance, don haka igiyar waya tana ciyarwa mafi kyau. A cikin kankare kankare babban kwarara yana soke wani ɓangare na fa'idar anga. Zaɓin ba game da fiber mafi ƙarfi ba ne, game da wanda ba ya haifar da matsala a wannan hanyar sanyawa. Idan kun riga kun yi magana da mai ba da fiber na ƙarfe mai ƙyalli, aika su zaruruwa goma kuma ku nemi nau'in bazara-baya da nau'in hutu kafin ku aika odar siyayya; mai kaya wanda ba zai iya amsawa a cikin waɗannan sharuɗɗan yana siyarwa akan farashi kaɗai ba.

Duban Kugiyoyin Kan Bayarwa: Ayyuka Uku

Binciken ƙugiya baya buƙatar kayan aiki. Da farko, sauke hannu ka saurara: zobe mai haske yana nufin kashewa daidai, tsawa mara nauyi yana nufin waya mai laushi. Na biyu, auna tsayin ƙugiya da kusurwa a kan zaruruwa goma tare da caliper; gajere ko ƙugiya marar zurfi suna miƙewa da wuri ƙarƙashin kaya. Na uku, lanƙwasa fiber ɗaya sau biyu da baya sau uku; idan ya karye, kayan sun lalace. Bayan waɗancan matakai guda uku, duba rahoton batch game da ƙarfin juriya da juriyar diamita kuma ana tace yawancin matsaloli. Don kwatanta-samfurin-samfuri, shafin samfurin fiber na karfe yana lissafin diamita, tsayi, rabon al'amari da ƙimar ƙima ga kowane aji, wanda zai iya aiki kai tsaye azaman tushen karɓuwa.