Nukatae Elektrɔnikmɔ̃ Suewo Wɔwɔ Sesẽ alea gbegbe?

Nu

April 11, 2021

Hardware ƒe ƒuƒoƒo akpa gãtɔ ɖo nɔnɔmetatawo ɖe dɔwɔƒe atɔ̃ eye wose nya tso eve gbɔ. Ƒã hafi kuxia nyea nusi wowɔ — enye be nudɔdɔ suewo mewɔ ɖeka kple gazazã ƒe ɖoɖo si dzi wotu dɔwɔƒea ɖo o.

Le Gbegbe Siwo Gbɔna vɔ megbe la, Kuxia Megazu Wò tɔ o

Nuteƒekpɔkpɔa bɔ ale gbegbe be wòanye kpɔɖeŋu: wowu nɔnɔmetataawo nu, wowu BOM la nu, eye numekukua yia dɔwɔƒe atɔ̃ gbɔ. Ame eve meɖoa eŋu gbeɖe o. Ame eve yɔa ga si wokpɔ mɔ na ƒe teƒe etɔ̃. Atɔ̃lia bia be àte ŋu awɔ akpe atɔ̃ ɖe eteƒe hã. Ɣemaɣi la, ƒuƒoƒo akpa gãtɔ tsɔe be ɖeko yewoƒe ɖoɖoa le sue akpa. Enye — gake sue menye nusi gbɔ wòtso o, ke boŋ dzesiae. Nudɔdɔ suewo ɖea alesi wotu dɔwɔƒe aɖe ƒe gazazã ƒe ɖoɖoa ɖe go.

Wowɔ ɖoɖo ɖe elektrɔnikmɔ̃wo wɔwɔ ƒe asixɔxɔ ŋu ƒo xlã duƒuƒu gãwo. Ele be woadzra stencils, fixtures, test programs kple material batches katã ɖo, eye dzadzraɖo ƒe gazazã meku ɖe nudɔdɔ ƒe lolome ŋu kura kloe o. Dɔwɔƒe si wɔa board akpe alafa ɖeka ɣleti sia ɣleti si xɔa nudɔdɔ ɖe blaatɔ̃ ta la tsɔa ɖoɖowɔwɔ ƒe ga ma ke ɖe nusiwo wowɔ ƒe akpa sue aɖe ko ta. Etsɔa gazazã bliboa dea dziwò alo edzi ɖena kpɔtɔna. Menye nɔnɔmee nye ema o; womewɔ mɔ̃a ɖe mɔɖeɖe ɖe nu ŋu alea nu gbeɖe o.

Nusiwo Wozãna Ƒe Ʋuʋu Sesẽ Wu Dɔwɔnuwo

BOM si me fli alafa ʋɛ aɖewo le nye nuzazã ƒe fli alafa ʋɛ aɖewo siwo le wo ɖokui si. Woate ŋu awɔ ɖoɖo ɖe nudɔdɔ gãwo ŋu wòasɔ ɖe adzɔnuwɔƒea ƒe nuwɔwɔ ƒe ɖoɖo nu eye woaxe mɔ na wo kwasiɖa eve. Zi geɖe la, ele be woaƒle nudɔdɔ suewo ɖekaɖeka tso nu mamãlawo gbɔ — asi siwo kɔ wu, hatsotso siwo wotsaka, afisi wotso si me mekɔ o. Nusiwo mebɔbɔ o ye nye akpa siwo me lifi didi le: mɔ̃ vevitɔ, ŋusẽdzikpɔkpɔ, ŋkuɖodzinu, kple mɔ̃ yeye ɖesiaɖe si woɖe ɖe go si amesiame di zi ɖeka. Emawoe nye esiwo xea mɔ na ɖoɖowɔɖi aɖe.

Kit rate nye xexlẽdzesi sesẽ aɖe le dɔwɔƒe aɖe me. Edzidzea BOM ƒe agbɔsɔsɔme si va ɖo la tsɔ sɔ kple ewɔwɔ ƒe ɖoɖoa. BOM si nye blaasieke vɔ enyi le alafa me gakpɔtɔ fia be nu etɔ̃ le kpuie; ne wo dometɔ ɖekae nye elektrikŋusẽnamɔ̃a la, ka la tɔa te. Le asisi gome la, ka si wotɔ fia be woatsɔe ahe ɖe megbe, eye zi geɖe la, ŋkeke si wohe ɖe megbe nyea dɔa ƒe ɖoɖowɔɖi si mu. Nudɔdɔ siwo wowɔna le hatsotso suewo me la sea veve ɖe esia nu le mɔ si mebɔ o nu elabena nudɔdɔa le sue akpa be wòaxɔ ŋkeke ɖeka ƒe ka si womewɔa dɔ o ƒe gazazã.

Dɔwɔƒe Siwo Xɔa Nudɔdɔ Suewo Wɔa Dɔ Le Vovovo

Míaƒe dɔwɔƒea na be nusiwo wotsaka kple esiwo le sue la na wòzu eƒe dɔwɔƒe vevitɔ, eye nusiwo wòwɔna ƒe akpa gãtɔ to vovo na dɔwɔƒe si ƒe agbɔsɔsɔme sɔ gbɔ. SMT fli ma ke xɔa duƒuƒu sesẽwo wɔwɔ kple mɔ̃ɖaŋudɔwɔwɔ ƒe kpɔɖeŋu blaatɔ̃ siaa, eye tɔtrɔ ƒe gazazã xɔa eya ŋutɔ ƒe nudɔdɔ ƒe tsɔtsɔme. Woƒlea nuwo to mɔ nyuitɔ dzi eye woléa ŋku ɖe wo ŋu hafi woɖea asi le wo ŋu yia fli la dzi, elabena akpa siwo wowɔ aʋatso kple esiwo woɖe ɖa nye asitsatsa si mewɔna o. Sampling, pilot runs kple volume production katã nɔa dɔwɔƒe ɖeka me, eyata dɔwɔwɔ ƒe nɔnɔmewo kple nyonyome ƒe dzidzenuwo nɔa ɖeka le afɔɖeɖewo katã me tsɔ wu be woanɔ ʋuʋum.

Esiawo dometɔ aɖeke meɖi nusi de ŋgɔ o, gake ga aɖe le nu ɖesiaɖe ŋu. Kpekpeɖeŋunu siwo bɔ léle ɖe nudzraɖoƒe blaa ga eye mlɔeba wòhea nudzraɖoƒe siwo megali o vɛ. Dɔwɔwɔ le ŋkuléle ɖe nu ŋu bliboe le board blaatɔ̃ ƒe sedede nu mewɔa dɔ nyuie o. Closed-loop production fia be ele be dɔwɔƒea nanye xɔawo, dɔwɔnuwo kple ameawo tɔ. Nu etɔ̃awo katã wɔwɔ ɣesiaɣi gblɔ be wobua asitsatsa sue la be enye asitsatsa ŋutɔŋutɔ, ke menye amenuveve o.

Nukae Nye Batch Sue aɖe Ƒle Nu Ŋutɔŋutɔ

Le ƒuƒoƒo sue aɖe gome la, asixɔxɔ si le hatsotso sue aɖe ŋu menɔ nu ɖeka ƒe asi ɖeɖeko me kpɔ o. Eƒlea nu etɔ̃: ŋuɖoɖo si ŋu kakaɖedzi le, kpododonu si dzi woate ŋu aɖu, kple ɖoɖowɔɖi si dzi mele be ame aɖeke natsa tsatsa le o. Aɖaŋuɖoɖo ƒe susu aɖe dzi dada kple ʋuƒo blaatɔ̃ le bɔbɔe wu tsatsadada akpe atɔ̃ ɖe akɔntabubu aɖe dzi. Kuxiwo dona kabakaba ne gbeɖiɖi ƒe sesẽme mede o, wowó ƒe didime le sue, eye ɖɔɖɔɖowo hã ƒe asi bɔbɔ. Eye nenye be akpa suea ƒe akpaa wu vodadaawo wɔwɔ nu vɔ ko hafi susu le gbeɖiɖi ƒe sesẽme wɔwɔ me.

Eyata ne wole EMS dɔwɔhati tiam la, asixɔxɔ le vevie, gake dodokpɔ siwo ŋu viɖe le wue nye nenye be dɔwɔƒea wɔa dɔ le hatsotso suewo me vavã: nenye be wodzraa akpa siwo bɔ ɖo, nenye be wowɔa nuwo me dzodzro ƒe ɖoɖo bliboa le board blaatɔ̃ ƒe sedede nu, kple nenye be ame mawo ke siwo ƒe nɔnɔme sɔ lae wɔa kpɔɖeŋu kple agbɔsɔsɔme wɔwɔ. Nyatakaka mawoe tsoa nya me nenye be nudɔdɔ evelia kple etɔ̃lia yi edzi nyuie. Woate ŋu atsɔ nɔnɔmetatawo alo kpɔɖeŋunudidiwo aɖo ɖa to míaƒe nyatakakadzraɖoƒea dzi, eye zi geɖe la, woatrɔ egbɔkpɔnu kple nyayɔyɔ le gaƒoƒo blaeve vɔ ene me.

Xexlẽdzesi Kaewoe Woɖɔ Ðo Le Nya Si Woyɔ Ŋu Le Nyateƒe

Xlẽ nyayɔyɔ si le hatsotso sue aɖe me fli ɖesiaɖe eye wòma ɖe xexlẽdzesi ƒomevi etɔ̃ me. Mɔ̃ɖaŋudɔwo kple stencil fewo, fixture cost kple test programming nye zi ɖeka ko vavã: xe wo zi ɖeka eye wodzo. Nu kple PCB ƒe asi trɔna eye wòʋãna kple asi ƒe asi kple agbɔsɔsɔme ƒe ɖiɖi. Etɔ̃lia ƒomevi ɣla eɖokui ɖe teƒe si woate ŋu akpɔe le — agbatsɔtsɔ le ʋuƒo ɖesiaɖe dzi le ta dzi. Wobua xexlẽme ma tso agbɔsɔsɔ si wosusu me, eye ne wò ɖoɖo ŋutɔŋutɔ nye esi nèsusu ƒe akpa ewolia la, agbaa dzina ɖe edzi nenema. Masɔmasɔ akpa gãtɔ le nyayɔyɔ ŋu nye masɔmasɔ ŋutɔŋutɔ le xexlẽdzesi ma ŋu.

Nyabiase si ŋu viɖe le si míabiae nye nusi atrɔ ne ɖoɖoa dzi ɖe edzi va ɖo alafa atɔ̃ alo akpe ɖeka. Ne ŋuɖoɖoa nye nu ɖeka ƒe asi si bɔbɔ ŋutɔ eye tɔtrɔ aɖeke menɔ nusiwo wozãna zi ɖeka ŋu o la, ke woɖoa ga si woayɔ la ɖe ɖoɖo nu anukwaretɔe. Ne nudzrala la di be yeagbugbɔ ayɔ mɔ̃ɖaŋufewo le agbɔsɔsɔ si lolo wu me la, ke wotsɔa xexlẽdzesia kpena ɖe eŋu. Woma míaƒe nyayɔyɔwo ale be akpa si wowɔna zi ɖeka la dzena le eya ŋutɔ ƒe fli dzi: àte ŋu akpɔ nusi nèxena zi ɖeka, nusi nèxena ɖe board ɖesiaɖe ta, kple nusi bu le ɣeyiɣi si me nudɔdɔa tsi.

Nudɔdɔ Sue aɖe ƒe Gazazã Ɣaɣla Nye Ðoɖowɔɖi, Ke Menye Asixɔxɔ O

Woate ŋu awɔ ɖoɖo ɖe ga si woatsɔ ayɔ ga xɔasi aɖe ŋu. Ɣletiŋkeke si womate ŋu agblɔ ɖi o mate ŋui o. Zi geɖe la, mɔ̃ɖaŋudɔwɔƒewo ƒe ƒuƒoƒowo tsɔa woƒe ɖoɖoa ɖoa wɔwɔfia, asitsatsa ƒe ɖeɖefia, alo ŋkeke si ŋugbe wodo na asisi aɖe xoxo dzi, eye kwasiɖa sia kwasiɖa la, nuwo wɔwɔ ƒe slips hea kɔmpiutadziɖoɖowo ƒe sesẽ, dɔwɔƒewo ƒe ɖoɖowɔwɔ kple asitsatsa ƒe dzadzraɖo kpena ɖe eŋu. Nusi gavloe wu heheɖemegbeae nye nya si me mekɔ o: ne nudzrala aɖe gblɔ be anɔ abe kwasiɖa eve ene la, ame aɖeke meƒoa dzi ɖe le dɔ si kplɔe ɖo gɔme o, eye dɔa mewɔa dɔ aɖeke le lala me o.

Nudɔdɔ suewo bua esia ŋu le mɔ si mebɔ o nu elabena zi geɖe la, wonyea sedede siwo wotsɔ ɖoa ​​kpe edzi. Nyataƒoƒo tso duɖimekeke gbãtɔa me tsoa nya me nenye be gbeɖiɖia akplɔe ɖo, eyata ƒuƒoƒoa léa ŋku ɖe nusianu ŋu tsitotsito. Dɔwɔƒe aɖe si ɖoa fli ɖe board blaatɔ̃ ƒe nudɔdɔ aɖe megbe le board akpe atɔ̃ ƒe duɖimekeke megbe la tsɔ wò ɖoɖowɔɖia de asi na ame bubu ƒe ɣeyiɣi ƒe didime.

Nyabiase etɔ̃ ɖee fia nenye be dɔwɔƒe aɖe wɔa nudɔdɔ suewo ŋutɔŋutɔ: ɖe wonye akpa siwo bɔ siwo wodzrana le nudzraɖoƒea, ɖe wowɔa nuwo me toto bliboe ƒe ɖoɖo si wowɔna le board blaatɔ̃ ƒe nudɔdɔ dzia, eye ɖe sampling kple volume production zãa ame ɖeka mawo ke kple parameter ɖeka mawo kea. Ne ŋuɖoɖo etɔ̃awo katã nye ẽ la, ke esɔ be woade ŋkeke si dzi woatsɔe aɖo ɖe nubabla la me; ne ŋuɖoɖo aɖee nye be enɔ te ɖe edzi la, tu buffer ɖe ɖoɖoa me.