Fitowa zuwa Turkmenistan: Tallan Jiha, Lasisi na Shigo, Dokokin FX

1. Rukunin ku a Turkmenistan

Zaɓi nau'in ku kuma wannan sashin yana nuna ainihin abin da muke riƙe don Turkmenistan: nawa masu yuwuwar masu siya mun tantance, waɗanne irin rawar da suke takawa a cikin sarkar samar da kayayyaki, da yadda kyau sun dace. Komawa zuwa Duk masana'antu a kowane lokaci.

1tabbatattun masu siyayya a Turkmenistan

Manyan wuraren tafki: Zaren saƙa da hannu 1

Shigo da sikelin da haɓaka ta layin HS baya kan wannan shafin tukuna. Muna saka kididdigar kwastam na kowane nau'i kuma za mu ƙara su a nan; har sai mun faɗi alkaluman kowane bincike maimakon buga ƙima.

“Masu sayayya” yana nufin masu siyan da muka tantance kuma muka jera a cikin namu directory — ba kowane mai shigo da kaya a kasar nan ba. Matsayin mai siye shine namu rukuni na ayyukan da aka rubuta a cikin wancan directory.

2. Kofar shiga

Turkmenistan ba ya aiki kamar sauran yankin. Kaso mai yawa na shigo da kaya ana shiga ta hanyar ƙungiyoyin jihohi da tallace-tallace, yawancin nau'ikan samfuran suna buƙatar lasisi ko rajistar jiha kafin a iya yin kwangila, kuma ana keɓance kuɗaɗen kuɗaɗe ta hanyar gudanarwa maimakon siye a kasuwa. Yi jerin lasisi da takaddun shaida kafin ka faɗi, saboda ba za a iya gyarawa ba bayan jigilar kaya.

Bukatu	Matsayi	Abin da ya ƙunshi	Lokacin jagora	Farashin	An tabbatar da ƙarshe
Takaddun tabbatar da daidaito na Turkmenstandart	wajibi (kayayyakin da aka jera)	Kayayyakin da ke cikin jeri na tilas suna buƙatar takardar daidaito da aka bayar a ƙarƙashin tsarin Turkmenstandart, yawanci sabanin ma'aunin Turkmen kuma galibi bisa samfuran da aka gwada a gida. Wasu nau'ikan kuma suna buƙatar ƙarewar tsafta ko amincin wuta.	Ana jiran	Ana jiran	A jiran
Shigo lasisi / rajista na jiha	wajibi (kasuwa da yawa)	A wide range of goods may only be imported under a licence issued by the authorised body, and some categories are reserved to state trading organisations. Confirm whether your HS line is on either list before quoting — it decides whether you can sell directly at all.	Ana jiran	Ana jiran	A jiran
Mai shigo da rikodi	Koyaushe yana aiki	Dole ne wata ƙungiyar Turkmen mai rijista wa da ke riƙe da rajistar cinikin ƙasashen waje da ya dace. A aikace wannan yana nufin abokin tarayya na gida, mai siye na jiha ko ofishin wakilci; mai sayarwa na waje ba zai iya bayyana kayan da kansa ba.	Ana jiran	Ana jiran	A jiran
Tariff (MFN)	Koyaushe yana aiki	Ba a buga jadawalin farashi mai ma'auni-ma'ana don wannan kasuwa; Dole ne a tabbatar da ƙimar layi ta layi a matakin HS-code.	0.	Akan darajar kwastam	A jiran
Tariff (fifi)	Ba samuwa	There is no free trade agreement between China and Turkmenistan, so Chinese-origin goods pay the national tariff. Turkmenistan is not a member of the Eurasian Economic Union, so the EAEU common tariff and the EAC mark do not apply here — a common mistake when quoting the region as one block.	0.	0.	A jiran
VAT	Koyaushe yana aiki	15% daidaitaccen ƙimar, wanda aka caje shi a shigo da kaya akan ƙimar kwastam tare da haraji da haya. Farfadowa ya dogara da rajistar VAT na mai shigo da kaya da kuma ikonsa na biya bashin akan tallace-tallace na gida; a cikin yanayin da ake sarrafawa-kudin da ba koyaushe ba daidai ba ne.	0.	15%	A jiran
Lakabi	wajibi	Ana buƙatar alamun yawanci a cikin Turkiya da Rashanci, tare da sunan samfur, masana'anta, ƙasar asali, ƙayyadaddun bayanai da aminci. Tabbatar da kalmomin yanzu tare da mai shigo da ku kafin bugu.	Ana jiran	0.	A jiran

Kula da Turkmenistan a matsayin kasuwar aikin wa, ba kasuwar rarraba. Tabbatar da farko ko layin HS ɗin ku yana buƙatar lasisi ko kuma yana zaune tare da ƙungiyar ciniki ta jiha, kuma amintaccen tsarin biyan kuɗi kafin samarwa - samun kudin shiga mai wuya, ba ƙimar haraji ba, shine maƙasudin ɗaure.

Takaddun shaida, jadawalin kuɗin fito da ƙididdiga masu izini sun canza. Kowane layi na sama yana ɗaukar a ranar tabbatarwa, kuma ana tabbatar da buƙatun na yanzu tare da wakilin gida da aka zaɓa kafin kowane kaya.

3. Masu saye da abokan haɗin gwiwa

Manyan masu siye da abokan tasha

Har yanzu ba mu kammala tantance abokan huldar tashoshi a Turkmenistan ba. Maimakon lissafin kamfanoni da ba za mu iya tsayawa a baya ba, wannan shingen ya zama fanko. An faɗaɗa Littafin Jagoran Siyayya ta kasuwa, kuma Turkmenistan yana cikin jerin — rubuta mana kuma za mu raba abin da muke riƙe a layi.

Yadda ake amfani da wannan jeri: kar a yi taro-mail. A cikin wannan kasuwa mataki na farko mai amfani ba jerin masu siye bane amma amsar lasisi - tabbatar da ko layin HS ɗin ku yana buƙatar lasisi ko ya zauna tare da ƙungiyar ciniki ta jiha, sannan kawai ku nemi abokin tarayya. Inda mai siye ƙungiya ce ta jiha, tambayi wanda ke sarrafa rabon kuɗin kafin ku faɗi.

4. Bukatar da shigo da bayanan martaba

Zaɓi lambar HS ɗin ku kuma wannan toshe yana nuna aikin shigo da na nau'in ku a cikin Turkmenistan - ba lambobin macro na ƙasar ba.

Girman shigo da & girma

Misali: shigo da wannan nau'in yana gudana a kaso biyu na jimlar kasuwa kuma yana girma cikin sauri fiye da shigo da kaya gabaɗaya.

Misalin ƙimar · don maye gurbinsu da bayanan OEC / WITS don layin HS ku

Tushen-ƙasa mix

Misali: Kasar Sin ita ce kasa mafi girma, a gaban masu samar da kayayyaki na yanki da na EU.

Misalin ƙimar · don maye gurbinsu da bayanan OEC / WITS don layin HS ku

bandejin farashi

Misali: matsakaicin matsakaicin farashi shine inda kayan abinci na kasar Sin ke gasa; ƙananan band suna riƙe da masu samar da yanki.

Misalin ƙimar · don maye gurbinsu da bayanan kwastam / ciniki

Abin da za mu iya bayarwa ga wannan kasuwa

Waɗannan su ne layin da muka samo mafi ƙarfi ga Turkmenistan. Ƙayyadaddun bayanai suna kan shafukan samfurin; gaya mana aikace-aikacen ku kuma za mu tabbatar da samfurin.

PV inverters — Grid-tie da hybrid ajiya inverters, IP65, WiFi saka idanu — da aka kawo don grid-code da shirye-shiryen daidaitawa.Ƙayyadaddun bayanai

Tashar wutar lantarki — 800–3500 W LiFePO4 raka'a, 1–3 kWh — don waje, ruwa da buƙatun ajiyaƘayyadaddun bayanai

Asara mai sarrafa kayan aiki — Mataki na uku, mai haɗin kai, 10–20% tanadin makamashi — don wuraren kasuwanci da masana'antuƘayyadaddun bayanai

Battery and PV test instruments — Test and measurement lines for installation, commissioning and service — the accessory market that follows every certified install Ƙayyadaddun bayanai

5. Ƙididdigar farashin ƙasa

Tebur a tsaye ba zai iya rinjayar kowa ba. Shigar da lambobin ku kuma duba farashin ƙasa. Adadin haraji da kaya ana iya gyarawa don ku iya gwada al'amura.

jigilar kaya

Darajar kaya (FOB, USD)

Yawan (raka'a)

Adadin haraji (%) — gyara don gwada yanayin yanayi

Kaya da inshora (USD)

Kashewa da cajin gida (USD)

Takaddun shaida, amortized (USD)

Kiyasin farashin ƙasa

Goods value (FOB)—

Freight and insurance—

Customs value (CIF)—

Import duty—

VAT 15% (on CIF + duty)—

Clearance and local charges—

Certification (amortised)—

Landed cost—

Farashin ƙasa: — kowace raka'a. Ana iya daidaita ƙimar kuɗin aiki saboda ainihin ƙimar ya dogara da layin HS ɗinku — tabbatar da shi kafin yin magana.

Ƙididdigar kwatanta kawai. Ya keɓe harajin hana zubar da ruwa, excise, tashar jiragen ruwa ajiya da kowane nau'i na musamman ƙarin caji. Tabbatar da ƙimar aiki da cajin gida tare da ku mai gabatarwa kafin yin alkawari.

6. Dabaru da kwastan

No sea coast. Main gateways: the Caspian port of Turkmenbashi (ferry and general cargo) and the rail crossings from Kazakhstan at Bolashak and from Uzbekistan at Farap

Daga China hanyar da aka saba amfani da ita ita ce jirgin kasa zuwa Kazakhstan ko Uzbekistan sannan kuma jirgin kasa ko hanya zuwa gaba; Ana auna yawan zirga-zirga a cikin makonni, ba kwanaki ba

Yi tsammanin izini zai ɗauki tsawon lokaci fiye da na jamhuriyar maƙwabta, kuma a sa ran za a bincika fayil ɗin akan lasisin da layin takardar shedar ta hanyar layi

Tsarin riƙewa na yau da kullun: kayan da suka isa kafin a ba da lasisi ko takaddun shaida, bacewar Turkmen ko lakabin Rashanci, da takaddamar rarraba HS a kan iyaka

The Caspian ferry is weather-dependent and its schedule is not a commercial timetable — do not build a delivery commitment on it

Ƙididdigar ranar sharewa suna canzawa tare da cunkoso da manufofin; bi a matsayin ma'ana kuma tabbatarwa kafin yin magana.

7. Biyan kuɗi, kuɗi da haraji

Biyan kuɗi abu ne mai wahala. Yi tsammanin biyan kuɗi na gaba wa ko tabbataccen wasiƙar bashi ta banki wanda ke yarda da bangarorin biyu; bude account ba sabon abu bane

Foreign exchange is allocated administratively. The official rate and the rate at which local buyers can actually obtain hard currency have historically diverged, so price and payment terms must be agreed in hard currency

Takarda a cikin USD ko EUR daidai yake; Manat ba ya samun 'yanci a waje

Don masu ba da tallafi na jihohi hanyar biyan kuɗi an bayyana su ta takaddun takaddun - karanta su kafin ɗaukar sharuɗɗan kasuwanci na yau da kullun

Inda aka yi amfani da tsaka-tsakin ƙasa na uku don daidaitawa, tabbatar da matsayin biyan kuɗi na mai biyan kuɗi da banki mai karɓa kafin jigilar kaya

8. Matsakaici da sadarwa

Waɗannan cikakkun bayanai ne babu wanda ya gaya muku, kuma kuskure ɗaya na iya kashe ku abokin ciniki.

Yankin lokaci

GMT+5

Sa'o'i uku bayan Beijing; gajeriyar jeji

Makon aiki

Litinin – Juma'a

Bukukuwan jama'a suna da yawa; shirya kewaye da su

Tashar da aka fi so

wasika na yau da kullun + abokin tarayya

Gabatarwa suna ɗaukar nauyi fiye da imel mai sanyi; yanke shawara zauna tare da kungiyar sayayya

Harshen kasuwanci

Turkmen / Rashanci

Harshen Rashanci shine yaren aiki na mafi yawan ma'aikatan fasaha da sayayya

Harshen lakabi

Turkmen da Rashanci

Suna, asali, ƙayyadaddun bayanai, bayanan aminci

Raka'a

Ma'auni

Babu batun juyawa

Mai yanke shawara sau da yawa ba shine mutumin da kuke aika imel ba. A cikin ƙungiyoyin da ke da alaƙa da jihohi da na jihohi sashen fasaha yana bayyana ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun bayanai, sayayya yana sarrafa abin tausasa kuma wani yanki daban yana sarrafa rabon kuɗin. Zaton cewa amsawar fasaha mai kyau tana nufin oda yana zuwa shine kuskure guda daya da aka saba gani a wannan kasuwa.

9. Hatsari da lokaci

Babban

Biyan kuɗi — Rarraba musayar waje shine gudanarwa, kuma ana samun kuɗi mai wuya a wasu lokuta a wajen tashar hukuma kawai. Nace akan biyan gaba ko tabbatar da L/C daga banki zaku iya tilastawa akan hakan.

Babban

Manufa — Bayar da lasisin shigo da kaya da dokokin kasuwanci na jihohi sun canza ta hanyar doka, kuma ba a buga jerin kayayyakin da aka kebe ga kungiyoyin jiha a cikin tsari mai saukin ganewa. Tabbatar da matsayin layin HS ɗin ku kafin kowane jigilar kaya.

Matsakaici

Logistics — Makullin kasa tare da kofar Caspian guda daya da titin jirgin kasa ta jihohi biyu makwafta. Jinkirin wucewa abu ne na yau da kullun kuma jirgin ruwan Caspian ya dogara da yanayi.

Matsakaici

Gasar — Kamfanonin Turkiyya, Rasha, China da Iran duk an kafa su, kuma masu sayan jihohi suna auna fakitin siyasa da na kudade da tsada. Gasa akan tsarin kuɗi, ba akan farashin ɗaya kaɗai ba.

Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi

Zan iya siyarwa kai tsaye ga mai siye Turkmen?

Sai kawai idan layin HS ɗinku ba a keɓance shi ga ƙungiyar ciniki ta jiha kuma mai siyan ku yana riƙe da rajistar kasuwancin waje da ake buƙata don bayyana kayan. A aikace mafi yawan masu fitar da kayayyaki na farko suna aiki ta hanyar abokin tarayya ko mai siye na jiha wanda aka rigaya yayi rijista.

Menene takaddun shaida ya ƙunsa?

Kayayyakin da ke cikin jeri na tilas suna buƙatar takardar shedar daidaito a ƙarƙashin tsarin Turkmenstandart, yawanci sabanin ma'aunin Turkmen kuma galibi tare da gwajin samfurin gida. Tabbatar da ainihin makircin samfurin ku kafin jigilar kaya; ba za a iya shirya shi a baya a kan iyaka.

Nawa ne harajin shigo da kaya?

Turkmenistan na aiwatar da jadawalin kuɗin fito na ƙasa - ba memban EAEU ba ne, don haka jadawalin kuɗin fito na gama gari ba ya aiki. Farashin ya dogara da layin HS kuma nau'ikan nau'ikan da yawa suna ɗauke da ƙetare. Tabbatar da layin ƙimar ta layi.

Nawa ne VAT akan shigo da kaya?

15%, wanda aka caje shi akan ƙimar kwastam tare da haraji da haraji. Ko mai siyan ku zai iya murmurewa ya dogara da matsayinsu na VAT da kuma samun damar rage kiredit akan tallace-tallacen gida.

Ta yaya zan biya?

Tsara akan biyan gaba ko tabbataccen wasiƙar bashi. Ana ba da kuɗin musayar waje ne ta hanyar gudanarwa maimakon siye a kasuwa, kuma manat ɗin ba zai iya canzawa cikin yardar kaina ba, don haka yarda da kuɗin da hanyar biyan kuɗi kafin samarwa.

Wace hanya ce kayan ke bi?

Babu gabar teku. Kaya yakan yi tafiya ta jirgin kasa ta Kazakhstan ko Uzbekistan, ko ta tashar ruwan Caspian na Turkmenbashi. Bi da lokacin wucewa kamar yadda aka auna a cikin makonni kuma ku ci gaba da ƙaddamar da ƙaddamarwa mai sassauƙa.

Ana fitarwa zuwa Turkmenistan