Sake amfani da Titin Amurka: Matsayin FHWA, Tattalin Arziki na RAP, da Matsayin Kasuwa na Masu Gyara

Labari

Yuni 10, 2023

Amurka tana da mafi girman sarkar samar da RAP a duniya. Wannan labarin yayi nazarin yadda sabunta kwalta ke haifar da ƙima a kasuwannin Amurka da yadda masu ba da kayayyaki na ƙasashen waje za su iya shiga.

Ma'aunin RAP na Amurka: Mafi Girma a Duniya, Amma Yawan Amfani Har yanzu Yana da Dakin Girma

Amurka tana da mafi girman sarkar samar da RAP a duniya. A cewar hukumar kula da manyan tituna ta tarayya (FHWA), Amurka na samar da kusan tan miliyan 60 na RAP a duk shekara, wanda kusan kashi 75% ake sake yin amfani da su. Wannan ya sa Amurka ta zama mafi girma a duniya masu samar da RAP da mabukaci. Koyaya, ƙimar amfani har yanzu yana da ɗaki don haɓakawa - a cikin jihohi da yawa, abun cikin RAP yana iyakance zuwa 20-30%, yayin da 60%+ ana iya samun nasara ta fasaha. Babban abubuwan da ke kawo cikas ga haɓaka abubuwan RAP ba fasaha bane amma cibiyoyi da tattalin arziƙi: na farko, ƙa'idodin fasaha marasa daidaituwa a cikin jihohi, tare da ƙa'idodin karɓar wasu jihohi don babban abun ciki na RAP har yanzu suna bin ƙananan tarurrukan RAP; na biyu, ingantattun hanyoyin farashin RAP - a wasu yankuna, samar da RAP ya wuce buƙatun gida kuma farashin ya faɗi ƙasa da ƙimar maye gurbinsa; na uku, ƙin haɗarin ɗan kwangila - rashin tabbas na babban abun ciki na RAP yana jagorantar ƴan kwangila don fifita ƙira mai ra'ayin mazan jiya.

Ka'idojin FHWA: Hanyar Yarda da Fasaha don Babban Abun ciki na RAP

FHWA ta buga jagorar 'Rejuvenators Asphalt for High-RAP Mixtures' (FA HWA-NHI-16-011) a cikin 2019, yana ba da tabbataccen hanyar yarda da fasaha don babban sake amfani da RAP. Mahimman shawarwarin sun haɗa da: na farko, ƙima mai sabuntawa ya kamata ya zama tushen aiki maimakon tushen abun da ke ciki - mai da hankali kan shigar da bitumen bayan sabuntawa, maki mai laushi, ductility, da aikin bayan RTFOT; na biyu, yana ba da shawarar yin amfani da hanyoyin 'haɗin ginshiƙi' don tantance tasirin haɗuwar sabo da bitumen da aka sake yin fa'ida; na uku, bayar da shawarar gajiya da ƙarancin zafin gwajin aikin da aka sake yin fa'ida; na hudu, ƙarfafa yin amfani da fasahar gauraya-dumi don rage yawan zafin jiki da hayaƙi. Ga masu ba da kayayyaki na ƙasashen waje, jagorar FHWA tana aika saƙo mai haske: samun damar kasuwa don masu haɓakawa ya dogara da bayanan aiki, ba ƙasar asali ba. An tsara rejuvenator daga FangService tare da buƙatun jagorar FHWA a hankali - 25 ° C danko na 280 mPa·s, madaidaicin walƙiya na 231 ° C, RTFOT danko rabo na 1.1, da RTFOT taro canji na 0.9% - duk saduwa da shawarar jeri na FHWA jagora.

Hanyoyin Farashin RAP na Amurka: Me yasa Sake Haɗuwa Mai Girma Ya Fi Kyawun Tattalin Arziki

Tsarin farashin RAP na Amurka ya bambanta da na Turai. A cikin Amurka, farashin RAP yawanci ana ƙaddara ta hanyar wadata gida da buƙatu maimakon ta ƙimar musanyawa. A cikin jahohin tsakiya da yamma (kamar Texas, California), wadatar RAP tana da yawa kuma farashin zai iya zama ƙasa da $15-25 akan kowace tonne - yayin da jimillar sabo zai iya kashe kusan $40-60 akan kowace tonne. Wannan bambance-bambancen farashin yana nufin cewa yin amfani da RAP ba wai kawai yana adana farashin kayan ba amma har ma yana guje wa farashin tattarawar budurci da sufuri. Bugu da ƙari, farashin bitumen na Amurka yawanci $ 500-700 kowace ton, yayin da maye gurbin tsohuwar bitumen a cikin RAP ya yi ƙasa da wannan farashin. Amfani da rejuvenator don haɓaka abun ciki na RAP daga 30% zuwa 60% yana adana kusan kilogiram 30-40 na sabon bitumen kowace tonne na cakuda, yana fassara zuwa kusan $15-28 akan kowace tan a tanadi a farashin yanzu. Don aikin ton 100,000, wannan kadai ya tanadi dala miliyan 1.5-2.8 a cikin farashin bitumen.

Shari'ar Filin: Aikin Farfaɗowar Babbar Hanya I-35

A cikin aikin gyaran babbar hanyar Texas I-35, Ma'aikatar Sufuri ta Texas (TxDOT) ta karɓi babban maganin farfadowa na RAP tare da abun ciki na RAP 60%. Mahimmin bayanai: na farko, RAP ta fito ne daga hawan kwalta da aka sanya shekaru 20 da suka wuce, ana sarrafa su ta hanyar tsarin darajar TxDOT; na biyu, sashi na rejuvenator shine kashi 10% na adadin bitumen a cikin RAP, kuma an dawo da shigar bayan sake dawowa daga 25 dmm zuwa 50 dmm (bitumen budurwa shine 55 dmm); na uku, haɗewar zafin jiki ya ragu daga 175 ° C zuwa 125 ° C, rage yawan amfani da man fetur da kusan 30%; na hudu, jimlar farashin aikin ya kasance kusan kashi 32% ƙasa da na al'ada na maganin hada-hadar zafi, tare da kudaden shiga na lamuni na carbon kusan $500,000. Muhimmancin wannan shari'ar shi ne cewa yana nuna cewa a cikin tsarin hukumomi na manyan titunan tarayya na Amurka, babban-RAP sake farfadowa ba kawai mai yuwuwa bane a fasaha amma har ma da fa'ida ta tattalin arziki - Injiniyoyin TxDOT sun nuna cewa lokacin da kudaden shiga na lamuni na carbon da tanadin tsawaita zagayowar zagayowar ke cikin ayyukan ayyukan, cikakken farashi ya wuce 40% ƙasa da tsarin al'ada.

Shawarar Siyayya: Hanya don Masu Bayar da Kayan Waje don Shiga Kasuwar Amurka

Ga masu ba da kayan gyaran kwalta na waje waɗanda ke neman shiga kasuwannin Amurka, yarda da hanyoyin kasuwanci suna buƙatar tsara tsari. Na farko, takaddun shaida - shirya takaddun fasaha da bayanan gwaji bisa ga buƙatun AASHTO da FHWA, tare da gwaji mai zaman kansa ta dakunan gwaje-gwajen da Amurka ta amince da su (kamar AASHTO Materials Verification Laboratories). Na biyu, hukumar gida - kafa haɗin gwiwa tare da masu samar da kwalta na Amurka ko masu rarrabawa don yin amfani da hanyoyin sadarwar abokan ciniki da kuma damar kayan aiki. Na uku, aikin matukin jirgi - abokin tarayya tare da DOT na jiha (kamar TxDOT ko Caltrans) don kammala aikin matukin jirgi, tara bayanan injiniyan gida na Amurka da bayanan aiki. Na hudu, shiga ƙungiyar masana'antu - shiga Ƙungiyar Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwallon Ƙasa (NAPA) ko ASTM International don shiga cikin haɓaka daidaitattun masana'antu da musayar fasaha. Bayan waɗannan matakai guda huɗu, masu ba da kayayyaki na ƙasashen waje sun cancanci shiga cikin sadar jama'a a kasuwar Amurka. Maɓalli mai mahimmanci shine cewa kasuwar Amurka tana da 'fasaha-kore' - muddin bayanan aikin ya yi ƙarfi, samfuran ƙasashen waje za su iya yin gogayya da samfuran gida. Ba kamar kasuwannin Turai ba, shingen hukumomi na masu ba da kayayyaki na gida a cikin kasuwar Amurka ba su da ƙarancin ƙarfi. View the Asphalt Rejuvenator Supplier