Resndo laawol Amerik : Standards FHWA, Faggudu RAP, e Darnde Luumooji Rejuvenators

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Ñalnde 10 lewru juko hitaande 2023

Amerik ina jogii fedde ɓurnde mawnude e winndere ndee to bannge njulaagu RAP. Ndee winndannde ina ƴeewtoo no ƴellitaare asfalt addanta nafoore e nder luumo Amerik e no yeeyooɓe caggal leydi mbaawirta naatde.

Tolno RAP Amerik : Ko ɓuri mawnude e winndere ndee, kono tolno kuutoragol ina jogii haa jooni nokku ɗo ɓeydotoo

Leyɗeele dentuɗe Amerik ɓuri mawnude e winndere ndee to bannge njulaagu RAP. E wiyde Fedde Ngenndiije Dentuɗe (FHWA), Amerik ina sooda fotde 60 miliyoŋ ton RAP hitaande kala, tawi heen fotde 75% ko mbaylaandi. Ɗum waɗi Amerik ko leydi ɓurndi mawnude e winndere ndee to bannge peewnugol e ñaamde RAP. Kono noon, keewal huutoraade ngal ina jogii haa jooni nokku ɗo foti ɓeydaade — e nder dowriiji keewɗi, ko RAP woni e mum koo ina heddii e 20-30%, tawi noon 60%+ ina waawi heɓtineede e karallaagal. Caɗeele mawɗe ɓeydugol loowdi RAP ngonaa karallaagal kono ko juɓɓule e faggudu : ko adii fof, ko tolnooji karallaagal ɗi ngonaa gootum e nder dowlaaji ɗii, tawa won e dowlaaji jaɓgol loowdi RAP toowndi ina njokki haa jooni e nanondiral RAP les ngal ; ɗimmo oo, ko laabi coggu RAP ɗi timmaani — e nder won e diiwanuuji, ŋakkeende RAP ina ɓura ɗaɓɓaande nokkuure ndee, coggu nguu ina ustoo les tolno lomto mum ; tataɓol, risk aversion kontraaji — ŋakkeende hoolaare golle e nder lowre RAP toownde ina addana kontraaji ɗii yiɗde diisnondiral konservatiif.

Standards FHWA: Laawol ɗowgol karallaagal ngam loowdi RAP toowndi

FHWA yaltinii deftere ‘Asfalt ngam ƴellitde mbaydiiji RAP toowɗi’ (FA HWA-NHI-16-011) e hitaande 2019, rokki laawol laaɓtungol ɗowgol karallaagal ngam ƴellitde RAP toowɗo. Wasiyaaji teeŋtuɗi ina njeyaa heen : gadanol ngol, ƴeewndo njuɓɓudi ina foti tuugnaade e golle wonaa e njuɓɓudi — tawa ina teskaa e naatgol bitumen caggal njuɓɓudi, toɓɓere softeende, ductility, e golle caggal RTFOT ; ɗimmo oo, wasiyaade huutoraade laabi ‘blending chart’ ngam yuurnitaade batte mbayliigu bitumen keso e mbayliigu ; tataɓol ngol, wasiyaade ƴeewndo golle fatigue e nguleeki les e nder mbaydiiji mbaylaaɗi ; nayaɓol ngol, ko hirjinde huutoraade karallaagal warm-mix ngam ustude nguleeki e ɓuuɓri. Wonande yeeyooɓe caggal leydi, doggol FHWA ngol ina nelda mesaas laaɓtuɗo : heɓde marseeji wonande sukaaɓe fawii ko e dokke golle, wonaa leydi ndi ɓe ummorii ndii. Rejuvenator ummoraade e FangService feewnaama e sarɗiiji njiylawu FHWA e hakkille — 25°C ɓuuɓri 280 mPa·s, ɓuuɓri 231°C, ɓuuɓri RTFOT 1,1, e mbayliigu masse RTFOT 0,9% — fof ina hawra e njiylawu ofHWA.

Mekanismeeji coggu RAP Amerik: Ko waɗi ƴellitaare toownde ina ɓuri welde e faggudu

Mekanisme coggu RAP Amerik ina seerti e Orop. To Amerik, coggu RAP ɓuri anndeede ko e dokkal e ɗaɓɓaande nokkuure nde wonaa e teddeendi lomto. E nder diiwanuuji hakkundeeji e hirnaange (hono Teksas, Kaliforni), RAP ina heewi, tee coggu nguu ina waawi ustaade fotde 15-25 dolaar e ton — tawi noon aggregat keso ina waawi ustaade fotde 40-60 dolaar e ton. Ndee zoo feere coggu firti ko huutoraade RAP wonaa tan e hisnude njovdi kaalis kono kadi ina reena njovdi vursugol e yah-ngartaa aggregat virgin. Yanti heen, coggu bitumen Amerik ina heewi wonde 500-700 dolaar e tonngoode kala, tawi noon nafoore lomto bitumen ɓooyɗo e nder RAP ina famɗi no feewi e oon coggu. Huutoraade njuvvudi ngam ustude njuvvudi RAP gila e 30 % haa 60 % ina hisna fotde 30-40 kg bitumen keso e tonngoode vurnde moxxude, zum firti ko hedde 15-28 dolaar e tonngoode vursugol ngol e cogguuji jooni zi. Wonande eɓɓaande 100 000 ton, ɗuum tan ina hisna 1,5-2,8 miliyoŋ dolaar e njoɓdi bitumen.

Case ladde: Eɓɓoore moƴƴitingol laawol mawngol Texas I-35

E nder eɓɓaande moƴƴitingol laawol mawngol Texas I-35, Departemaa Jaɓɓugol Texas (TxDOT) ƴettii feere moƴƴitingol RAP toownde, tawa ina waɗi 60% RAP. Dowlaaji teeŋtuɗi : gadanol ngol, RAP ummorii ko e surfacing asfalt joɗɗinaango duuɓi 20 ko adii ɗuum, gollorteeɗo e system grading TxDOT ; ɗimmo oo, doseeji vurzi moxxude zi ko 10 % e njuvvudi bitumen e nder RAP, e naatgol caggal vurze moxxude zi, zum wonnoo ko 25 dmm haa 50 dmm (bitumen vurzo moxxude oo ko 55 dmm); tataɓol ngol, nguleeki jillondirde ustii gila e 175°C haa 125°C, ɗum noon ina usta njaru petroŋ fotde 30% ; nayaɓol ngol, ko ina wona 32% e njoɓdi eɓɓaande ndee ina famɗi no feewi e njoɓdi hot-mix ndi, tawi njeeygu nguu ina tolnoo e 500 000 dolaar. Nafoore ndee zoo haala ko hollirta wonde e nder njuvvudi laabi mawzi fedde Amerik, vursugol RAP toowngol ngol wonaa tan e karallaagal, kono kadi ina naftoroo faggudu — innjiniyankooɓe TxDOT kollitii wonde so tawii ngalu karbon e vursugol cirko toppitagol ngol ina fawaa e kaalis evvoore ndee, ko comprehen over% convensive is0.

Kuulal soodgol : Laawol ngam soodooɓe caggal leydi naatde e luumo Amerik

Wonande yeeyooɓe asfalt en caggal leydi yiɗɓe naatde e luumo Amerik, ɗooftaare e laabi njulaagu ina poti peewnugol njuɓɓudi. Ko adii fof, seedantaagal karallaagal — peewnugol binndanɗe karallaagal e dokke jarribooje fawaade e sarɗiiji AASHTO e FHWA, tawa jarribooji keertiiɗi ɗii mbaɗata ko e laboratuwaaruuji jaɓaaɗi to Amerik (hono Laboratuwaaruuji Hoolkiso Kaɓirɗe AASHTO). Ɗiɗaɓere, agence locale — sosde jokkondiral e yeeyooɓe asfalt Amerik walla yeeyooɓe ngam huutoraade resooji mum en goodɗi ɗii e mbaawkaaji logistik. Tataɓol, eɓɓaande jarriborde — gollodaade e DOT dowla (hono TxDOT walla Caltrans) ngam timminde eɓɓaande jarriborde, mooftude dokke injiniyaaruuji nokkuuji Amerik e binndanɗe golle. Nayaɓo, tawtoreede fedde gollorɗe — naatde e Fedde Ngenndiije Dentuɗe ngam Pavement Asphalt (NAPA) walla ASTM International ngam tawtoreede ƴellitaare tolno gollorɗe e mbayliigu karallaagal. Caggal ɗeeɗoo geɗe nay, yeeyooɓe caggal leydi ina mbaawi tawtoreede bidsee laamu e nder luumo Amerik. Ko ɓuri teeŋtude e faamde ko wonde luural Amerik ina sifaa e ‘karallaagal-driven’ — so tawii doosɗe golle ina tiiɗi no feewi, geɗe janane ina mbaawi haɓtaade markeeji nokkuuji ɗii. Nandugol e luumo Orop, caɗeele juɓɓule wonande yeeyooɓe ɓe ngonaa nokkuuji e nder luumo Amerik ina pamɗi no feewi. View the Asphalt Rejuvenator Supplier