Nowanburukalo tile 20, saan 2025
Ka bɔ binder ani aggregate marali la ka taga se kuran dɔgɔyali ma ani nɔgɔw bɔli ma, barokun nin be sababuw tilan minw be se ka kɛ sababu ye ka asphalte labɛn kokura ka ɲɛnamaya musakaw dɔgɔya.
Fɛɛn fɔlɔ ani min ka ɲi ka tɛmɛ fɛɛn bɛɛ kan ɲɛnamaya musakaw sɛgɛsɛgɛli la, o ye bitumen nɔrɔnanw marali ye. Laada la, 0% RAP hot-mix ɲagaminin kɔnɔ, tɔni kelen kelen bɛɛ be bitumen kɛnɛ kilo 45-55 ɲɔgɔn lo ɲini (o be kɛɲɛ ni ɲagaminin hakɛ ye ani bitumen hakɛ dilan cogo ye). Ni yɛlɛmalan b’a to 60% RAP be don a la, bitumen kura baara be se ka dɔgɔya ka se kilo 18-22 ɲɔgɔn ma tɔni kelen kɔnɔ — o ye 60% ɲɔgɔn mara bitumen kura kan. Sisan, bitumen sɔngɔ be se yuan 3 000-4 000 ɲɔgɔn ma tɔni kelen na, o dɔrɔn be yuan 80-130 bɔ ɲagaminin tɔni kelen na. Ka pavement tɔni 100 000 lɔ, o fɛɛn kelen be wari miliyɔn 8-13 mara. O jateden tɛ karibɔni bɔli ani kuran min be dɔgɔya, o min be sɔrɔ n’an be baara kɛ ni bitumen kura ye dɔɔni dɔɔni, o jateden tɛ yen fɔlɔ.
RAP ka 90-95% ɲɔgɔn ye fɛnɲɛnamafagalanw ye (kabakuru mugucininw, bɔgɔ, ani fɛn minw be fa), ani o fɛnɲɛnamafagalanw, u sɛgɛsɛgɛnin kɔ ani u sɛgɛsɛgɛnin kɔ ka tugu muguci kɔ, u be se ka kɛ fɛnɲɛnamafagalanw ye ɲagaminin kuraw kɔnɔ. Ni an y’a suma ni fɛnɲɛnamafagalanw ye, RAP fɛnɲɛnamafagalanw be musaka nunu kisi: fɔlɔ, fɛnɲɛnamafagalanw bɔli musakaw — o la, baarakɛminanw bɛɛ ani baarakɛlaw musakaw be sɔrɔ ka pɛrɛn, k’a pɛrɛn ani k’a sɛgɛsɛgɛ; filanan, bolifɛnw musakaw — sira walima tɛrɛn ka doni minw be bɔ kabakurubɔyɔrɔ la ka taga n’u ye izini na; sabanan, sigida musakaw — sigida labɛnni ani sigida kɔlɔsili kabakurubɔyɔrɔw la, minw cayara saan tɛmɛninw na; naaninan, wagati musakaw — fɛnɲɛnamafagalanw sɔrɔli be dankari kɛ ni fɛnɲɛnamafagalanw seko ye ani bolifɛnw cogoya ye, k’a sɔrɔ RAP fɛnɲɛnamafagalanw be sɔrɔ yɔrɔnin kelen. Ni an y’u bɛɛ lajɛ, RAP sɔngɔ ka dɔgɔ ni sungurunin sɔngɔ ye 30-50%. Ɲagaminin min kɔnɔ RAP be sɔrɔ 60% la, wari min be bɔ a la, o be se ka kɛ yuan 20-40 ɲɔgɔn ye tɔni kelen kɔnɔ.
I n’a fɔ an y’a ye cogo min na ka tɛmɛ, n’an be ɲagami ni fɛɛn gwansanw ye, o be ɲagamininw ka funteni dɔgɔya ka bɔ 170-190°C la ka taga se 120-140°C ma, o be 30% ɲɔgɔn bɔ taji minɛ na. Ka kɛɲɛ ni taji 30-40 MJ ɲɔgɔn ye ɲagaminin tɔni kelen kɔnɔ ani taji sɔngɔ min ye yuan 3-4 ɲɔgɔn ye kilo kelen kɔnɔ (a jatelen don i n’a fɔ tulu girinman hakɛ), taji musakaw marali ye yuan 15-25 ɲɔgɔn ye tɔni kelen kɔnɔ. O hakɛ be se ka kɛ komi a ka dɔgɔ, nka n’an y’o hakɛ caya ni poroze tɔni 100 000 ye, a be se ka kɛ yuan miliyɔn 1,5-2,5 ye. Ka fara o kan, ka dɔ bɔ taji minɛli la, o be na ni nafa dɔ ye min tɛ tiɲɛn ye: karibɔni jago suguw la, sɔngɔri tɔni kelen kelen min be dɔgɔya, o be se ka yɛlɛma ka kɛ karibɔni juru ye min be se ka feere. Sisan, karibɔni sɔngɔ ye yuan 50-80 ɲɔgɔn ye CO2 tɔni kelen kelen bɛɛ la, tɔni 100 000 labɛnni poroze be se ka yuan 500 000 ka taga se 800 000 ɲɔgɔn ma karibɔni juru la.
Ni RAP ma labɛn kokura, a be se ka fili yɔrɔ dɔrɔn na. RAP musakaw be sɔrɔ yɔrɔ caaman na: fɔlɔ, nɔgɔw baara musakaw — u be sara ka kɛɲɛ n’u hakɛ wala u girinya ye, o ye yuan 20-50 ɲɔgɔn ye tɔni kelen kɔnɔ; filanan, bolifɛn musakaw — RAP sama ka bɔ lɔyɔrɔ la ka taga n’a ye nɔgɔbɔyɔrɔ la, musakaw be caya ni yɔrɔjan ye; sabanan, dugukolo nafolo minɛ — RAP nɔgɔbɔyɔrɔ be dugukolo nafolo minɛ minw ka dɔgɔ duguw lamini na; naaninan, laminiko faratiw — bitumen kɔrɔ min be RAP kɔnɔ, o be se ka fɛnɲɛnamafagalanw bɔ nɔgɔ bɔli wagati la, o be se ka farati lase dugujukɔrɔji ma. N’an y’o musakaw bɛɛ jati, RAP tɔni kelen kelen bɛɛ filili musakaw be se ka kɛ yuan 50-100 ɲɔgɔn ye. O musakaw be bɔ yen pewu, o be kɛ sɔrɔko ni sigida nafaw ye.
Ɲɛnamaya musakaw sɛgɛsɛgɛli tɛ se ka jɔli daminɛ musakaw dɔrɔn lajɛ; boon lɔli kɔ, a ka kan ka musakaw fana jati.Pavement min be baara kɛ ni rejuvenator ye, o be jogo caaman yira minw be dɔ bɔ a ladonni musakaw la wagatijan kɔnɔ. A fɔlɔ, sɛgɛsɛgɛri wagati ka jan — bitumen kurakurayali ka sebagaya min be se ka mɔgɔw latanga, o be yɔrɔ misɛnninw jɛnsɛnni sumaya doni siɲɛ caaman na, o min be yɛlɛmanibaw janya k’a ta saan 8-10 ma ka taga se saan 12-15 ma. A filanan, jii ka tiɲɛni kɛlɛli barikaman — nɛgɛjuru min be ɲɔgɔn minɛ ni yɔrɔ saba ye, o be ɲɔgɔnkunbɛn fanga sabati bitumi ni agɛrɛgati cɛ, ka dingɛw ni yɔrɔw bɔli dɔgɔya jii tiɲɛni sababu fɛ. A sabanan, a be se ka nɔgɔw kɛlɛ ka ɲɛ — bitumen kurakurayanin ka basigi funteniba la, o ka fisa ni an tun be miiri min na, ani nɔgɔw yiriwali be sumaya. Ladonni wagati janw kɔrɔ ko ladonni musakaw be dɔgɔya kosɔbɛ sisan ka ɲɛnamaya kuru bɛɛ kɔnɔ. Jatebɔ nɔgɔman dɔ b’a yira ko n’an ye yɛlɛmanibaw kɛ ka bɔ saan 10 la ka taga saan 15 la, o be yɛlɛmanibaw hakɛ dɔgɔya ka bɔ 2 la ka kɛ 1 ye saan 30 kɔnɔ, o min be se ka 15-20% bɔ jɔli daminɛ musakaw la ka bɔ o fɛɛn dɔrɔn na.
Ni an ye nin fɛnw lajɛ ka surunya ka bɔ ɲagaminin tɔni kelen kelen bɛɛ la, musakaw marali tilannin lo nin cogo la: bitumen marali 80-130 yuan/tɔni; wari min marala, o ye yuan 20-40 ye tɔni kelen kɔnɔ; taji marali 15-25 yuan/tɔni; karibɔni juru sɔrɔta ye yuan 5-10 ye tɔni kelen kɔnɔ; nɔgɔw bɔli 30-60 yuan/tɔni (a ka kan ka kɛ 60% RAP donni ye); 10-20 yuan/tɔni (saan o saan, saan 30 ka ɲɛnamaya wagati). O wari hakɛ min be mara tɔni kelen kɔnɔ, o ye yuan 160-285 ye. Ni an y’a suma ni fɛnɲɛnamafagalanw sɔngɔ ye min be se ka kɛ 400-500 yuan ɲɔgɔn ye tɔni kelen kɔnɔ, o be se ka kɛ 35-55% ɲɔgɔn ye. Jateminɛ min kɛra ni lɔnniya ye (ka baara kɛ ni fɛɛn kelen kelen bɛɛ ka duguma dan ye): yuan 160 ɲɔgɔn lo marala tɔni kelen kelen bɛɛ la, o kɔrɔ, wari hakɛ min marala, o ye 35% ɲɔgɔn ye. Jateminɛ ɲuman (ka baara kɛ ni fɛɛn kelen kelen bɛɛ ka sanfɛ dan ye): yuan 285 ɲɔgɔn marala tɔni kelen kelen bɛɛ la, o kɔrɔ, wari marali hakɛ be se 55% ɲɔgɔn ma. Ɛnsɛniyeri yɛrɛ yɛrɛ la, ka sabu kɛ sɔrɔko yɛlɛmaniw ye ani danfara minw be sɔrɔ ɲɔgɔnye fanga la, wari marali bɛɛ be kɛ 25-40% cɛ. O hakɛ ye jateminɛ ye min basiginin lo musakaw ka kunnafoniw kan minw bɔra boon lɔli poroze yɛrɛ yɛrɛ caaman na.
Laada la, sɔngɔ min ka dɔgɔ ni bɛɛ ye, sannikɛlaw ka teli ka boon lɔli musakaw dɔrɔn lo suma, u tɛ miiri danfara min be yen ɲɛnamaya musakaw (LCC) la. O sɛgɛsɛgɛli fɛɛrɛ be gɛlɛya kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnin lase asphalte pavement porozew ma — bari sugandi min ka sɔngɔ ka dɔgɔ fɔlɔ la (i n’a fɔ 0% RAP hot mix) a ka ca a la, o ladonni musakaw ka ca saan 5-10 o kɔ. Ni sɛgɛsɛgɛri be kɛra ni ɲɛnamaya kɛcogo musakaw ye, musakaw bɛɛ ka kan ka dɔgɔya ka se wagati kelen ma walisa ka sanga ɲɔgɔn ma. Dɔgɔyali hakɛ sugandili ka ɲi kosɛbɛ: ni tɔnɔ hakɛ ka ca, siniɲɛsigi musakaw sɔngɔ be dɔgɔya sisan ani nafa minw be sɔrɔ sɔngɔ dɔgɔman na fɔlɔ la, u be caya. Ɛnsɛniyeri baara la, a ka ca a la, mɔgɔw be tɔnɔ sɔrɔ 3-5% la. O yɛlɛmani hakɛ la, hali ni fɛnw lasegincogo sɔngɔ fɔlɔ ka ca dɔɔni ni sɔngɔ dɔgɔman ye (kɛrɛnkɛrɛnniya la, a be sɔrɔ fɛn kurakurayali sɔngɔ farali fɛ), ladonni musakaw min be mara saan 10-15 o kɔ, o b’a to fɛnw lasegincogo sɔngɔ bɛɛ be dɔgɔya kosɛbɛ ka tɛmɛ fɛn kɔrɔman ta kan. N’u be sannikɛlaw ka sɛbɛw labɛn, u ka ɲi k’a ɲini sannikɛlaw fɛ u k’u ka ɲɛnamaya musakaw sɛgɛsɛgɛ sanni u ka sɔngɔ fɔlɔw dɔrɔn suma.
Aw k’aw ka poroze cogoya n’a laɲiniw fɔ an ye, an bena fɛɛrɛ ɲuman labɛn ani ka wari hakɛ dɔ di lɛrɛ 24 kɔnɔ.
Ɲɛyirali fɛ3-in-1 asphalte lakurayalan (ɲagaminin kalaman + yɛlɛmani + lakurayali), RAP kɔnɔfɛnw >=60% (a ka ca ni 100% ye), ɲagaminin funteni 120-140°C, sɛgɛsɛgɛli ɲɛnamaya >=85% asphalte kura, sɔngɔ dafanin 25-40% ka dɔgɔ. A ka gɛrɛntɛ ye 280 mPa·s, a ka gɛrɛntɛ ye 231°C ye, a ka gɛrɛntɛ ye 0,96 g/cm3 ye, a be sɔrɔ kilo 25 walima kilo 1000 nɛgɛw kɔnɔ. Dɛmɛ don fɔrimiliw la minw labɛnna ka kɛɲɛ n’u makoya ye ani ka sɛgɛsɛgɛri rapɔɔriw di, ni EXW/FOB/CIF/DDP ka jago sariyaw ye minw be se ka sugandi.
Aw ye asphalte lakurayali baarakɛla sugandicogo n’a ka sɔngɔ lɔn →