Pwal och, ewe Diesel: Ewe angangen äeä ewe akkar me ewe battery lon ekkewe leeni mi nom lukun ewe grid lon Afrika

Porousan

Oktopa, 2019

Ekkewe neni rese wor grid non unusen ewe fonuen Nigeria, Niger, Mali, Burkina Faso, Ethiopia me Turkana ra angang won diesel, nge monien fuel, uwei me solá ra angei watteen ewe OPEX. Ei poraus a kapas usun ekkewe ulumon topology me nupwen emon me emon a fis, ennetin manauen battery fan nemenien ran me ran, ewe siwinin pwichikar ese kon auchea, me ew formula ren niwinin moni ren fomon pisek ka tongeni auku won ewe neni.

Eú Rán lón eú leeni mi chék chéúfetál.

Arapakan ngeni Kano me Kaduna lon otiuen Nigeria, lon ekkewe fonuen Niger, Mali me Burkina Faso, won ekkewe fonu tekia lon Itiopia, lon ewe leeni mi pwas lon Kenya itan Turkana me lon ekkewe leeni mi towau seni Zambia, eu ran mi kan fis iei ussun: ewe minen for diesel a poputa mwen lekuniol me a feffeita lon ewe pwinin fan iten eu chou mi tori13k; a chék chéúfetál lón eú pwinin me ewe patiri a uwei ewe baseband me ewe minen álillis; non ran ewe battery a sopweno ne uwei ewe neni tori lekuniol, a chok charge ika pwe ewe pochokunen grid a fis pwe epwe pwa non fitu awa. Ewe osukosuk esap pwisin ewe generator nge ülüngät mettoch mi monomon: uwei ewe föün äsefich ngeni ewe leeni, ewe ikewe ie a lamot uwei sepelin are kamel epwe tongeni lap seni fän ruu liwinin ewe pump; solani fuel, ewe non ekkoch neni a fis ren 10% ngeni 30% seni ewe ukukun moni ra kamo; me tumunun me angangen awenewenen amomo ren awa mi fis. Ewe popun solar esapw ren ewe neni — pwe epwe siwini ewe ran seni ewe generator me epwe atai meinisin ekkewe unungat kost.

Fili Lefilen ekkewe ülüngät topwöl.

Solar hybrid esap eu chok kokkot nge eu chok kokkot, me filata mi mwaal epwe alapalo ruu liwinin. Ewe aewin ina ewe angangen tumunu ewe akkar me ewe fitikoko, a pwan iteni ewe fitikoko: PV a angang ngeni load me a charge ewe fitikoko non ran, a kukkunou nupwen ewe fitikoko a uren fitikoko, me diesel a poputa chok mwirin fansoun nangatam a uren kuchu ika fitikoko. A aukuuku ekkewe awa mi fis me a fich ngeni ekkewe leeni mi murinno iteiten ier me ewe ran mi kon watte —ewe kefil mi kon itefoulo lon ekkewe fonuen Afrika mi nom ennefenin Sahara. Ewe oruwan ina ewe diesel-akkomw ren aninis seni ewe akkar, ikewe PV a uwei chok kinikinin ewe chou, tipeew ngeni 30% ngeni 50%, me ewe generator a angang usun chok me nom ren an epwe kukkun an epwe aea ewe fuel. A mecheres an epwe fférsefál me a chék chéúfetál lón kapital, a fich ngeni ekkewe watteen load are leeni mi wor eú mineféén generator. Ewe aulungatin ina ewe battery mi pin me ese wor emon epwe tongeni fori, epwe chok tongeni fis ikewe ie ewe load a nom fan 500W me ülüngät ränin feiengaüen kuchu a tongeni etiwa. Ewe mettoch mi affata won meinisin ekkewe ulumon esap ewe pisekin irradiance nge ifa usun ewe load curve a tori ewe load curve a tori ewe ttamen solar: ewe load mi watte a anisi ewe aewin, ewe load mi kukkun a fori pwe ewe aruwen epwe safe.

Enletin Manauen Battery Fan Saiken Iteiten Ran.

Non ew solar hybrid ewe pisekin angang a awesano ew unusen fitikoko iteiten ran, minne ese usun ew fitikoko me ina ewe neni chommong angang ra ataieno — ra affata ew pisekin fitikoko me ra siwini non ruu ier. Kefil a alongolong won ulungat fichi, nge esap won tufichin nom. Akkom, manauen saikun, me pwungun manauen saikun non ew ukukun discharge mi affat; ekkewe solar ra kan fiti 50% ngeni 70% DOD, ina minne kopwe tingor ren ekkewe pisekin pwarata non ena band. Oruwan, etiwa charge: Pochokunen charge PV a sokono ren irradiance, ewe current a kukkun non ewe pwinin me nesosor, me ika ewe battery epwe tongeni angei non napanap mi murinno non ewe charge mi kukkun a affata ewe pochokunen ran epwe niwinsefan iteiten ran. Ewe mwichen lead-carbon (LLC, 300–1,000Ah, wonu sokkun) a awora föü ngeni limu fansoun ewe manauen äeämwäällin pisek mi äeä lon ewe angangen PSoC ren ükükün 30% möngö seni ewe etiwaen charge, me a för fän iten chök ei. Oruuan, fofforun pwichikar mi watte: pwichikar non cabinet nap seni 40°C a fis iteitan non Africa, ina minne manauen cycle epwe pwungupwungoch ren pwichikar. Ewe fitikoko mi watte (FTC, 100–170Ah, 1,500 fitikoko ika nap seni) a pwan ew kefil mi murinno non kukkun me watten tufich.

Dust: Ewe Variable mi Aüchea

Lon unusen ewe Sahel me ewe fonuen Afrika mi pwas, aramas ra fokkun ekieki pwe ewe pwichikar a nom ren. Akkom, limengau: iteiten kinikinin ewe pwichikar won ewe glass a aukuuku ewe fitikoko ren fitu percentin, me mwirin eu fitikoko ewe array epwe tongeni uren fitikoko pwe epwe tongeni aukuuku ewe fitikoko. Non Niger, Mali me Chad, sipwe tongeni atai nap seni 20% seni ewe uwa iteiten ier. Oruuan, thermal: ewe pwichikar won ewe backsheet a eppeti an epwe poutalo ewe pwichikar, a alapalo ewe pwichikar lon ewe cell me a alapalo ewe feiengau. Oruuan, mecha me ekkei: pwichikar a tonong non ekkewe nenien ririfengen me ekkewe nenien ririfengen a efisata an epwe ngaw ewe ririfengen me ewe feiengawen arc, me pwichikar non ekkewe aanen asepwan inverter a eppeti ewe konik. Fomon ponuwen design ra fiti: anapano ewe array tilt pwe ewe pwichikar epwe tongeni fifi ika epwe mwitir ne fis; affata ekkewe nenien riri me ekkewe nenien riri mei wor ew watten ingress; aea ekkewe inverter mi fitikoko ika fich ngeni ekkewe filter mi fitikoko me apacha ngeni ewe aanen inspection; me kopwe wanong nimenimoch non ewe O&M contract ren ew fansoun mi affat — iteiten maram non fansoun pwichikar, iteiten maram ika ese wor — nap seni ‘usun met mi namwot’.

Kalkulasion Pekin.

Payback ese namwot epwe wor ew model mi weires, a chok fomon input, me meinisin ekkewe fomon ra tongeni aukuuku won ewe neni. Aewin, ukukun monien diesel iteiten ier ikenai: ukukun monien ran non liter × 365 × ukukun monien fuel mi kawor pachenong ewe monien uwei. Kopwe aea ewe monien alillis, nge esap ewe monien jetty. Oruuan, ewe monien diesel mwirin an a fis ewe angangen forsefani: epwe watte ren ewe kukkunun awa an ewe generator epwe angang, minne fan iten ekkewe kokkot mi aucheani ewe akkar a kan tori 20% ngeni 40% seni ewe aewin. Oruwan, ukukun PV iteiten ier: tufichin array non kWp × ukukun awa mi fitikoko non neni × 365 × tufichin system 0.75 ngeni 0.8 × ukukun 0.85 ngeni 0.9 ewe fitikoko me ewe fitikoko. Fou, unusen ewe moni tonong mi pachenong ekkewe module, ewe nenien fiti, ewe chon nemeni, ewe battery, ewe nenien uwei me ewe nenien fiti. Payback = moni tonong ÷ (koukun diesel iteiten ier me mwen an epwe fis angangen forsefani − monien diesel iteiten ier mwirin an epwe fis angangen forsefani − monien tumun iteiten ier). Ewe input mi kan kon watte an aramas apasa, ina ewe aulungatin: aramas ra aea ekkewe awa mi murinno fan iten ewe akkar me ra monuki ewe limengau me limengau. Kopwe angei ekkewe kofemen mi kon watte me ewe payback ka ekieki pwe ina ew mi tongeni wesewesen kawor.

Siwinin ewe Array me ewe Batiri Fengen.

Ekkewe ruu tipis mi kon watte non ewe kokkotun solar hybrid ina ew array mi kukkun me ew battery mi kukkun, me ra kan fis fengen. Ewe nongonong pwe sipwe fori ewe fansoun kuchu usun ewe osukosuk me ewe pwungun pochokun iteiten ran usun ewe kokkot, non unungat kinikin. Aewin, iteiten ran: load non kW × 24 awa, a kapunguno sokopaten ikewe ie load non ran me pwin a sokono. Oruwan, ukukun PV iteiten ran: tufichin array non kWp × ukukun awa mi nap × ukukun 0.75 ngeni 0.8 × ukukun 0.85. Ena feioch epwe nap seni ewe ran epwe kawor iteiten ran, mei kan wor 20% ngeni 30% nenien mokuren aramas pwe epwe tongeni kouno ne siwini fansoun, ngawen module me shading fan ekkoch. Oruuan, tufichin battery: ran me ran × ran mi pwichikar ÷ ukukun ewe ran mi pwichikar, ren ekkewe ran mi pwichikar ra angei seni ekkewe rekotun fansoun non nenier — ruu ngeni unungat non ewe Sahel, ew pwan won ekkewe fonu tekia non East Africa. Mwirin ekkewe unungat kinikin, fori ew chekin niwinsefan: non nesoponon ewe fansoun pwichikar mi kon ttam, ewe tufichin battery mi nomw esapw kukkun seni 20%, ika pwe ekkewe poputan generator repwe fokkun watteno me ewe economy an ewe hybrid epwe morono. Ena chek a kan fis fan chommong, nge ina chok ewe esissin mi pochokkul pwe epwe affata ika ewe ratio a pwung. Ew pwan ew porous mi kan mwaken ina ewe array tilt: non ekkewe neni mi uren pwichikar, apachanong 5 ngeni 10 degrees nap seni ewe pwichikar mi murinno epwe mut ngeni pwichikar an epwe mwitir fifi me epwe uwaoch nap seni fansoun. View Telecom Backup Power Selection