Ɔberɛfɛw da 25, afe 2024
Wɔ PV adwumayɛbea ahorow mu no, fiber nkitahodi nkitahodi ahorow na ɛhwɛ sɛ ɛde adwumayɛ ho nsɛm fi inverter biara mu kɔ mfinimfini nhyehyɛe a wɔde hwɛ nneɛma so no so. Sɛ fiber link bi twa mu a, monitoring system no ntumi nnya inverter data — a ɛkyerɛ sɛ PV plant operations team no ntumi nhu inverter bɛn na ɛwɔ ɔhaw, nea ɛyɛ power output, anaasɛ sɛ ebia efficiency yɛ normal.
Wɔ PV adwumayɛbea ahorow mu no, fiber nkitahodi nkitahodi ahorow na ɛhwɛ sɛ ɛde adwumayɛ ho nsɛm fi inverter biara mu kɔ mfinimfini nhyehyɛe a wɔde hwɛ nneɛma so no so. Sɛ fiber link bi twa mu a, monitoring system no ntumi nnya inverter data — a ɛkyerɛ sɛ PV plant operations team no ntumi nhu inverter bɛn na ɛwɔ ɔhaw, nea ɛyɛ power output, anaasɛ sɛ ebia efficiency yɛ normal. Wɔ 100MW PV adwumayɛbea a ebetumi ayɛ inverter ɔhaha pii ho no, sɛ fiber links nyinaa twa mu a, ɛsɛ sɛ adwumayɛkuo no siesie inverter denam inverter so, a ɛho ka yɛ den.
PV afifide fiber nkitahodi hyia nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia ho nsɛnnennen soronko. Nea edi kan: ɔhyew a ɛkɔ soro wɔ baabi a atwa yɛn ho ahyia — wɔtaa si PV afifide wɔ mmeae a ɛhɔ yɛ petee, a awɔw bere mu asase so hyew boro 60°C, na nhama ma onyin ntɛmntɛm wɔ ɔhyew a ɛkɔ soro mu. Nea ɛto so abien: UV a wɔde da — polyester buffer layer a ɛwɔ fiber no sɛe wɔ UV mframa ase, na ɛma fiber no sɛe. Nea ɛto so abiɛsa: mmoa a wɔwe — cable trenches ne overhead fiber wɔ PV afifide mu yɛ botae a eye ma mprako. Nea ɛtɔ so nnan: mframa ne anhwea — wɔ anhweatam ne gobi PV afifideɛ mu no, mframa ne anhwea tumi abrade fiber outer sheath no.
Enti, ɛsɛ sɛ wɔde PV afifide mu nhama sɔhwɛ ka nhyehyɛe a wɔde siesie daa no ho. Bere a wogye afifide foforo tom no, sɔ fiber link biara a ɛde nkra tumi no hwɛ, gye tumi, ne link a ɛyera. Wɔ ɔsom mu no, sɔ link tumi ne adehwere a ɛho hia hwɛ bosome mmiɛnsa biara. Sɛ mfomso bi ba wie a, fa kanea kɔkɔɔ no di kan hwehwɛ baabi a abubu no, afei fa OPM no hwɛ sɛ wɔasiesie no anaa.
PV nhyehyɛe no commissioning phase no yɛ mfɛnsere a ɛho hia ma fiber sɔhwɛ. Saa mmerɛ yi, fiber links nyinaa yɛ foforɔ, na sɔhwɛ data betumi ayɛ adwuma sɛ ‘akwahosan mfitiaseɛ’ — wɔbɛtumi de daakye sɔhwɛ aba no atoto saa mfitiaseɛ yi ho.
Standard commissioning adwumayɛ nhyehyɛe no te sɛ nea edidi so yi. Anamɔn a edi kan: ahosiesie a wɔyɛ ansa na wɔasɔ ahwɛ. Si so dua sɛ OPM asorɔkye tenten档位 ne nhyehyɛe no asorɔkye tenten hyia (mpɛn pii no 1310nm anaa 1550nm); hwɛ fiber awiei anim ahotew; si so dua sɛ adapter type no ne fiber interface no hyia. Anamɔn a ɛto so abien: transmit-side test. Fa OPM no bata fiber no transmit fã (mpɛn pii no output a switch anaa optical module) na kenkan transmit tumi. Anamɔn abiɛsa: sɔhwɛ a ɛfa nea wogye ho. Fa OPM no bata fiber no receive side (mpɛn pii no input a ɛwɔ switch anaa optical module foforo mu) na kenkan receive power no. Anamɔn anan: link loss akontaabu. Gye tumi minus transmit tumi yɛ pɛ link loss. Anamɔn anum: kanea kɔkɔɔ ho adansedi. Dan kɔ kanea kɔkɔɔ mode na hwɛ fiber kwan no sɛ ahomegye anaa. Anamɔn asia: kyerɛw data nyinaa, a wɔakora so sɛ mfiase.
Bere a wɔrehyɛ adwuma no, anammɔn a ɛnyɛ den sɛ wobebu ani agu so ne sɛ wɔbɛsɔ nhama a wɔde di dwuma no nyinaa ahwɛ. Fiber distribution frames wɔ PV afifide mu taa wɔ spare fibers — ebia eyinom rennyɛ adwuma mfiase no nanso ebia ɛho behia daakye. Sɛ wohu sɛ spare fiber bi abubu bere a ɛho hia akyiri yi a, ɔhaw ahorow a wɔde siesie ho ka bɛyɛ kɛse koraa sen sɛ wɔbɛsɔ ahwɛ mprempren.
Wɔ PV adwumayɛbea afuw mu sɔhwɛ mu no, adwumayɛbea ahorow pii betumi ama adwumayɛ ne pɛpɛɛpɛyɛ atu mpɔn kɛse. Nea edi kan: ‘hohoro ho ansa na woasɔ ahwɛ.’ Fiber end-face mfutuma ne ade a ɛtaa ma sɔhwɛ mu aba a ɛnteɛ ba. Ansa na wobɛsɔ ahwɛ biara no, fa ahwehwɛ a ɛma nneɛma kɛse hwɛ n’awiei no; sɛ ɛho agu fĩ a, fa nhama a wɔde tew nneɛma ho ne nsa a nsu nnim hohoro ho. Saa anammɔn a ɛnyɛ den yi kwati sɛ wobehu yare a ɛnteɛ pii.
Nea ɛto so abien: ‘sɔ nhama abien no nyinaa hwɛ.’ Wɔ fiber link mu no, mpɛn pii no fiber abien na ɛwɔ hɔ — biako ma transmit (Tx), biako ma receive (Rx). Link loss betumi ayɛ soronko wɔ abien no ntam. Ebia biako pɛ a wobɛsɔ ahwɛ na wode aba awiei no bɛma ɔhaw ahorow a ɛwɔ ɔfoforo no ho no ayera. Ɔkwan a ɛteɛ ne sɛ wobɛsɔ abien no nyinaa ahwɛ na wode nsonsonoe a ɛwɔ adehwere mu no atoto ho. Sɛ nsonsonoe no boro 3dB a, ebia fiber biako benya bending, crushing, anaa termination nsɛm.
Nea ɛto so abiɛsa: ‘kyerɛw ɔhyew a atwa yɛn ho ahyia ho kyerɛwtohɔ.’ Fiber a ɛyera no gyina ɔhyew so — nsakrae biara a ɛba 10°C no betumi asesa fiber a ɛyera no bɛyɛ 0.1dB/km. Sɛ wɔankyerɛw ɔhyew a atwa yɛn ho ahyia bere a wɔreyɛ sɔhwɛ no a, nhwehwɛmu a edi hɔ no ntumi nhu sɛ ebia nsakrae a ɛba wɔ adehwere mu no da nhama a ɛyɛ mmerɛw anaa ɔhyew mu nsakrae adi anaa.
Nea ɛto so anan: ‘hyɛ nkitahodi ahorow a ɛnyɛ ne kwan so agyirae.’ Sɛ wosɔ hwɛ wie a, hyɛ nkitahodi ahorow no nyinaa agyirae sɛ adehwere boro 1.5× bo a wɔayɛ no, twa mmeae a ɛnyɛ ne kwan so no mfonini, na di akyi. Mma nhyɛ wɔn nsow wɔ krataa so kɛkɛ — fa mfonini gu engineering management system no so na ama woahwɛ ahu sɛ data no renyera.
Nea ɛto so anum: ‘fa toto ho bere ne bere mu.’ Sɔhwɛ biara akyi no, fa mprempren data toto sɔhwɛ data a atwam ho. Sɛ link bi a ɛyera no akɔ soro kɛse wɔ bere tiaa bi mu (ɛboro 3dB) a, ebia ɛwɔ bending, crushing, anaa termination aging, na ɛsɛ sɛ wɔyɛ ɔhaw ahorow ho nhyehyɛe.
Nea ɛto so asia: ‘sɔ nhama a wɔde sie hwɛ bere ne bere mu.’ Spare fibers, ɛwom sɛ ɛnyɛ adwuma mprempren de, nanso ɛsɛ sɛ wɔda so ara sɔ hwɛ asram asia biara — de hwɛ hu sɛ ayɛ krado bere a ɛho hia.
Fiber sɔhwɛ botae titiriw ne sɛ ɛbɛkyerɛ adwumayɛ ho gyinaesi ahorow kwan. Sɔhwɛ data nni mfaso biara kosi sɛ wɔbɛdan no adwumayɛ adeyɛ. Enti, sɛ wɔbɛto loop no mu afi sɔhwɛ data so akɔ adwumayɛ ho gyinaesi ahorow so no yɛ ade titiriw a ɛwɔ fiber siesie nhyehyɛe mu.
Data-driven fiber maintenance no bi ne ntoatoaso abiɛsa. Layer biako ne ‘threshold alerts’ — sɛ link bi a ɛyera boro threshold a wɔahyɛ ato hɔ a, nhyehyɛe no bɔ adwumayɛkuw no kɔkɔ ankasa sɛ wɔnyɛ nhyehyɛe ma wosiesie ɔhaw ahorow. Layer abien ne ‘trend analysis’ — denam abakɔsɛm mu nsɛm a wɔde toto ho so, kyerɛ nkitahodi ahorow a ɛne adehwere a ɛkɔ soro a ɛnteɛ ne nhyehyɛe a wɔde siesie di kan. Layer abiɛsa ne ‘predictive maintenance’ — denam loss-versus-time curve a wobɛfata so, hyɛ link no nkwa nna a aka ho nkɔm na nhyehyɛe a wɔde besi ananmu ansa na adi nkogu.
Sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ na woanya saa ntoatoaso abiɛsa yi no, ɛho hia sɛ wonya fiber akwahosan ho nneɛma a wɔakora so a edi mũ. Link biara archive no bi ne: link nɔma, mmeae a wofi ase ne awiei, fiber type, wavelength, design loss, abakɔsɛm mu sɔhwɛ data (date, transmit power, receive power, link loss, ambient temperature), anomaly records, ne resolution outcomes. Fa professional fiber test management software di dwuma de hwɛ saa data yi so — Excel fata nsenia nketewa (links du), bere a professional management software fata nsenia akɛse (links ɔhaha kosi mpempem).
Wɔ PV mfiridwuma akuw fam no, hyehyɛ fiber sɔhwɛ gyinapɛn fi adwuma no mfiase pɛɛ — ntwɛn kosi sɛ wɔde adwuma no bɛkɔ补课. Fiber akwahosan nnyinasosɛm ahorow a wɔde sii hɔ wɔ nhyehyɛe no commissioning fã no mu no yɛ nhwɛsode gyinapɛn ma mfe du a edi hɔ a wɔde bɛyɛ adwuma no. Sɛ wɔannya mfitiaseɛ a, daakye sɔhwɛ ho nsɛm hwere ne nteaseɛ a wɔde toto ho.
Wɔ adetɔfo fam no, sɛ worepaw mfiri a wɔde sɔ fiber hwɛ a, mfa bo a wodii kan tɔɔ no nkutoo ntoto ho. Afei nso susuw bere tenten a wɔde di dwuma ho ka — a calibration service ho ka, adapter sesa ho ka, battery nkwa ne nkwa tenten, ne manufacturer mfiridwuma mmoa mmuae ahoɔhare ka ho. Mfiri a ne bo yɛ mmerɛw 20% nanso ɛnyɛ den sɛ ɛbɛsɛe adapters a ɛhwehwɛ sɛ wɔde afã horow wɔ amannɔne no betumi abɔ ka kɛse wɔ ne wura nyinaa mu.
Awiei koraa no, botae titiriw a ɛwɔ fiber sɔhwɛ mu nyɛ sɛ wɔbɛsusuw fiber a ɛyera — ɛyɛ sɛ wobesiw fiber ntwitwiridii ano wɔ bere a ɛnteɛ mu. Sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wobetumi ayɛ eyi no, ɛsɛ sɛ sɔhwɛ data kyerɛ ase kɔ adwumayɛ adeyɛ mu, na ɛsɛ sɛ adwumayɛ adeyɛ nya wuranom ne bere a wɔde wie a emu da hɔ. Ɛno nkutoo na fiber sɔhwɛ de mfaso ba ankasa. View the PV Test Instruments Collection
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