Kula da Yanayin Zazzabi a Gwajin Baturi: Me Yasa Yake da Muhimmanci kamar Wutar Lantarki

Labari

22 ga Yuli, 2023

Zazzabi yana rinjayar kowane tsari a cikin baturi - daga ƙimar amsawar lantarki zuwa dankowar lantarki zuwa kwanciyar hankali na fim na SEI. Fahimtar tasirin zafin jiki shine abin da ake buƙata don ingantaccen gwajin baturi da kiyayewa. Wannan labarin ya bayyana dalilin da yasa zafin jiki ya cancanci kulawa iri ɗaya kamar ƙarfin lantarki.

Yadda zafin jiki ke shafar batura: Daga Chemistry zuwa Ƙarfin Amfani

Zazzabi yana da cikakken tasiri akan aikin baturi. Kusan kowane tsari na ciki - electrochemical rate rate, electrolyte viscosity, SEI film kwanciyar hankali - ana sarrafa zafin jiki. Fahimtar waɗannan tasirin shine abin da ake buƙata don ingantaccen gwajin baturi da kiyayewa.

A ƙananan zafin jiki (kasa da 0 ° C), ƙarfin amfani yana raguwa sosai. Don baturan gubar-acid, a 0°C iya aiki mai amfani shine kusan 75% na ƙididdigewa; a -10 ° C, kusan 50%; a -20 ° C, mai yiwuwa kawai 30%. Wannan ba lalacewa ta dindindin ba ce - ƙananan zafin jiki yana rage ƙarfin ƙarfin lantarki na ionic, yana rage jinkirin motsin motsi, kuma yana haɓaka polarization, rage ƙarfin samuwa na ɗan lokaci. Ƙarfin yana dawowa lokacin da zafin jiki ya tashi. Koyaya, babban fitarwa na yanzu a ƙananan zafin jiki na iya haifar da ƙarfin lantarki ya yi sauri da jawo kashe kayan aiki, duk da cewa ragowar ƙarfin ya rage.

A babban yanayin zafi (sama da 30 ° C), ƙarfin da ake amfani da shi yana ƙaruwa na ɗan lokaci (kusan 10% a kowace 10 ° C tashi don gubar-acid), amma farashin yana ƙara lalata rayuwa. Rayuwar gubar-acid mai iyo a 25 ° C shine kusan shekaru 5-8; kowane 10 ° C yana tashi kusan rabin ragowar rayuwa - a 35 ° C, watakila shekaru 2-4 kawai ya rage. Wannan saboda yawan zafin jiki yana haɓaka lalata grid da amfani da ruwa na lantarki. Batura lithium-ion suna da hankali daidai - babban zafin jiki yana haɓaka bazuwar fim ɗin SEI da iskar oxygen da iskar shaka, yana haifar da fashewar iya aiki da saurin juriya na ciki.

Don haka, ƙimar kula da zafin jiki a gwajin baturi ita ce: sakamakon gwajin da aka ɗauka a yanayin zafi daban-daban ba ya misaltuwa. Ba tare da yin rikodin zafin yanayi ba yayin gwaji, bincike na gaba ba zai iya tantance ko canje-canjen juriya suna nuna tsufa ko bambancin zafin jiki kawai. Misali, juriya da aka auna a lokacin hunturu na iya zama sama da lokacin rani ba don batirin ya tsufa ba, amma saboda sanyi.

Matsakaicin Zazzabi: Yin Kwatankwacin Bayanai A Tsakanin Lokaci

Matsakaicin zafin jiki shine mabuɗin fasaha a gwajin baturi. Manufarsa ita ce kawar da tasirin zafin jiki don a iya kwatanta bayanan da aka auna a lokuta daban-daban. Ka'ida: Yi amfani da 25 ° C azaman zafin tunani, da daidaitattun sakamako dangane da karkacewa daga tunani.

Don gwajin juriya na ciki, tsarin ramuwa na yau da kullun shine: kowane 10°C sabawa daga tunani yana daidaita karatun da kusan 30% don batirin gubar-acid ko 15% na lithium-ion. Misali, juriya na ciki da aka auna a 10 ° C kamar yadda 50 mΩ yayi daidai zuwa kusan 35 mΩ a ma'aunin 25°C. Wannan yana ba da damar kwatanta kai tsaye tsakanin karatun hunturu da lokacin rani.

Don gwajin ƙarfin lantarki, ramuwar zafin jiki yana da mahimmanci daidai. Buɗewar wutar lantarki na baturi shima ya bambanta da zafin jiki - kusan 3mV a kowace 1°C don gubar-acid. Ba tare da ramuwa ba, 12.6V da aka auna a 5°C da 12.6V da aka auna a 35°C na iya dacewa da ƙimar SOC da ta bambanta da fiye da 10%.

PK59B ya haɗa da ginanniyar ramuwar zafin jiki tare da daidaitaccen firikwensin zafin jiki don saman baturi na lokaci ɗaya da ma'aunin zafin yanayi. Mai gwadawa yana gyara karatu ta atomatik ta amfani da saiti na ramuwa - babu lissafin hannu da ake buƙata. A aikace, wannan yana rage yawan rashin ganewar asali wanda ya haifar da bambancin zafin jiki.

Yanayin zafin jiki: Siginar Gargaɗi na Farko fiye da juriya

A cikin tsarin gazawar baturi, rashin daidaituwar zafin jiki yakan bayyana kafin juriya ta ciki ta tashi ko iyawarta a bayyane. Gano yanayin zafi da wuri zai iya hana asara da yawa.

Alamomin yanayin zafi na yau da kullun sun haɗa da: tantanin halitta ɗaya a cikin kirtani yana aiki da zafi fiye da sauran yayin caji (yana ba da shawarar sulfation na ciki ko gajere); gaba dayan kirtani da ke aiki da dimuwa a lokacin cajin iyo (yana ba da shawarar ƙarfin wutar lantarki ya yi girma sosai); jinkirin dawo da zafin jiki bayan fitarwa (yana ba da shawarar wuce gona da iri na ciki). Idan za a iya kama waɗannan abubuwan da ba su da kyau a zafin jiki da wuri, za a iya ɗaukar matakin gyara kafin gazawar bala'i - guduwar zafi ko asarar ƙarfi zuwa sifili.

Hanyar ganowa ya dogara da tsarin kayan aiki. Hanya mafi sauƙi ita ce mai gwajin baturi mai ƙarfin zafin jiki (kamar PK59B), yin rikodin zafin jiki tare da kowane gwajin juriya na ciki. Ƙarin ci gaba shine tsarin sa ido kan zafin jiki na kan layi tare da na'urori masu auna firikwensin akan kowane tantanin halitta, bayanan da ake ci gaba da ɗorawa zuwa mai kulawa. Don yawancin rukunin yanar gizo da UPS, gwajin zafin jiki na lokaci-lokaci tare da gwajin juriya na ciki ya wadatar don kama mafi yawan abubuwan rashin zafin jiki.

Mahimman Ayyukan Filaye don Gwajin Zazzabi

Gwajin zafin jiki yana bayyana mai sauƙi amma yana da cikakkun bayanan aiki wanda ya kamata a lura dashi. Na farko: inda za a auna. Rarraba yanayin zafi a cikin baturi ba iri ɗaya ba ne - tashoshi da haɗin kai suna yin zafi fiye da jiki saboda dumama Joule daga juriyar lamba. Don haka, auna a jikin baturi (tsakiyar-harsashi) a matsayin maƙasudin farko, tare da zafin jiki na ƙarshe azaman na biyu. Idan zafin jiki na ƙarshe ya wuce zafin jiki fiye da 10 ° C, haɗin gwiwa zai iya yin sako-sako kuma yana buƙatar ƙarfafawa.

Na biyu: lokacin aunawa. Yanayin baturi yana ƙaruwa yayin caji, kuma lokacin fitarwa, kuma sannu a hankali yana komawa cikin yanayi lokacin da yake hutawa. Don daidaitawa a cikin gwaje-gwaje, rikodin zafin jiki a daidaitaccen wuri a cikin zagayowar gwaji - alal misali, koyaushe yayin cajin mai tsayayye, ko koyaushe a ƙarshen fitarwa. Idan maki auna sun bambanta, bayanan zafin jiki zai zama da wahala a tantance.

Na uku: yadda ake fassara. Karatun zafin jiki ɗaya yana nuna lokacin aunawa kawai kuma dole ne a kwatanta shi da zafin yanayi. Idan zafin jikin baturi ya zarce na yanayi da fiye da 5°C, dumama na cikin gida mara kyau yana faruwa ko da cikakken zafin jiki har yanzu yana ƙasa. Idan yanayin yanayin tantanin halitta a cikin kirtani ya bambanta da fiye da 3°C, rashin daidaituwar tantanin halitta yana nan.

Shawarwari Mai Aiki: Haɗa Zazzabi cikin Ƙimar Lafiyar Baturi

Don ƙungiyoyin kulawa, haɗa gwajin zafin jiki cikin hanyoyin kula da baturi. Ƙungiyoyi masu PK59A na iya ƙara ma'aunin zafin jiki na infrared azaman ƙarin zafin jiki; Ƙungiyoyi masu PK59B suna amfani da ma'aunin firikwensin kai tsaye. Ko da kayan aiki, maɓalli shine rikodin zafin jiki tare da kowane gwaji.

Ga masu siye a wuraren da ke da bambancin yanayi na yanayi (yankuna masu zafi, yankuna masu zafi tare da yanayi daban-daban guda huɗu), ba da fifiko ga ƙira tare da damar gwajin zafin jiki (PK59B). Rashin bayanan zafin jiki yana rage ƙididdigar sakamakon gwaji - zaku iya saka hannun jari guda da ƙoƙari guda a gwaji amma ba za ku iya tantance ko sakamakon ya kasance na yau da kullun ba tare da mahallin zafin jiki ba.

A sa ido, kula da baturi yana tasowa zuwa ga cikakken kimanta ma'auni - juriya na ciki, ƙarfin lantarki, zafin jiki, tarihin cajin, da yanayin muhalli wanda aka haɗa ta hanyar nazarin bayanai don samar da ma'aunin lafiyar baturi. Zazzabi shine ma'auni wanda ba makawa a cikin wannan tsarin. View the Battery Test Instruments Collection