Ɔberɛfɛw da 8, afe 2022
Pen a kanea kɔkɔɔ wom yɛ adwinnade a ne bo yɛ mmerɛw na ɛnyɛ den sen biara a wɔde siesie fiber haw — mia bɔtn no so, fa kanea kɔkɔɔ hyɛ fiber no mu, na hwɛ baabi a hann no pue. Ɛho ka yɛ yuan du du kosi ɔhaha pii na ɛyɛ nnwinnade a wɔahyɛ da ayɛ ma fiber mfiridwumayɛfo biara. Nanso kyerɛwdua a kanea kɔkɔɔ wom no wɔ anohyeto atitiriw abiɛsa.
Pen a kanea kɔkɔɔ wom yɛ adwinnade a ne bo yɛ mmerɛw na ɛnyɛ den sen biara a wɔde siesie fiber haw — mia bɔtn no so, fa kanea kɔkɔɔ hyɛ fiber no mu, na hwɛ baabi a hann no pue. Ɛho ka yɛ yuan du du kosi ɔhaha pii na ɛyɛ nnwinnade a wɔahyɛ da ayɛ ma fiber mfiridwumayɛfo biara. Nanso kyerɛwdua a kanea kɔkɔɔ wom no wɔ anohyeto atitiriw abiɛsa.
Nea edi kan: tumi a ɛnnɔɔso. Pen a kanea kɔkɔɔ a ɛyɛ mmerɛw no taa yɛ adwuma wɔ 1mW ase, na wotumi de di dwuma ma dan mu fiber jumper sɔhwɛ nkutoo wɔ 500m mu. Sɛ ɛboro 1km a, kanea kɔkɔɔ no brɛ ase ma wontumi nhu. Nea ɛto so abien: asorɔkye tenten a ɛnhyia. Red-light pens ma 650nm hann kɔkɔɔ a wotumi hu, bere a fiber nhyehyɛe ahorow de 1310nm anaa 1550nm infrared hann — asorɔkye tenten ahorow, enti red-light pen ntumi nsi OPM ananmu mfa nsusuw nhyehyɛe no optical tumi ankasa. Nea ɛto so abiɛsa: tumi akenkan biara nni hɔ. Pen a kanea kɔkɔɔ wom ka kyerɛ wo sɛ ‘fiber no abɔ’ anaasɛ ‘fiber no abubu’ nkutoo — entumi nkyerɛ wo ‘sɛnea sɛnkyerɛnne no mu yɛ den’ anaa ‘nea link no ayera’.
Enti, kyerɛwdua a kanea kɔkɔɔ wom fata sɛ nhwehwɛmu a etwa to nkutoo — wɔ OPM sɔhwɛ akyi no, fa di dwuma de si so dua ntɛm ara sɛ ebia obi a ohuruw wɔ ahomegye a wotumi hu anaa. Nanso entumi nsi OPM ananmu, na saa ara nso na entumi mfa ne ho nwie fiber link assessment a edi mũ.
Kanea kɔkɔɔ fibea a wɔaka abom wɔ mfiri a ɛwɔ biribiara mu (te sɛ PK56B–E series) no de nkɔso abiɛsa a ɛho hia ma sen kanea kɔkɔɔ kyerɛwdua. Nea edi kan: tumi. PK56B–E kanea kɔkɔɔ ahoɔden fi 2mW kosi 20mW — mmɔho 2 kosi 20 sen kanea kɔkɔɔ kyerɛwdua a ɛyɛ mpapahwekwa. Tumi a ɛkorɔn kyerɛ kwan tenten a wɔde hu ade na ɛko tia hann a atwa yɛn ho ahyia no yiye. Wɔ abɔnten tebea a ɛhyerɛn wɔ fiber kyekyɛ frame mu no, ebia hann kɔkɔɔ a ɛyɛ 2mW no rentumi nhu koraa, bere a 10mW da so ara da adi pefee.
Nea ɛto so abien: asorɔkye tenten a ɛne ne ho hyia. Hann kɔkɔɔ fibea ne OPM a ɛwɔ all-in-one mu no kyɛ fiber interface ne calibration nhyehyɛe koro. Sɛ wode kanea kɔkɔɔ fibea no di dwuma de siesie ɔhaw a, OPM betumi asusuw kanea kɔkɔɔ ahoɔden bere koro mu — mfaso titiriw wɔ so bere a woresiesie optical amplifier (EDFA) mfomso ahorow: fa kanea kɔkɔɔ fibea no susuw sɔhwɛ hann, afei fa OPM susuw ahoɔden a efi mu ba no, wie anammɔn abien wɔ biako mu.
Nea ɛto so abiɛsa: adwumayɛ mu mmɔdenbɔ. Sɛ wobɛdannan kanea kɔkɔɔ mode ne tumi sɔhwɛ mode ntam wɔ all-in-one so a, ɛhwehwɛ sɛ wobɛmia bɔtn biako. Wɔ fiber link ho haw ano aduru mu no, standard flow ne: sɔ tumi hwɛ (hwɛ sɛ link no yɛ normal) → dan kɔ red light mode (hwehwɛ break no) → siesie → san sɔ tumi hwɛ (si so dua sɛ wɔasiesie). Sɛ wɔde mfiri ahorow a ɛsono emu biara di dwuma a, saa nsu a ɛsen yi hwehwɛ sɛ wɔdannan mfiri abien, anyɛ yiye koraa no, wɔma bere no mmɔho abien.
PK56B–E mfonini anan no yɛ soronko wɔ kanea kɔkɔɔ ahoɔden mu: 10mW, 2mW, 5mW, ne 20mW. Nea wobɛpaw no gyina fiber kwan tenten a ɛsɛ sɛ wosɔ hwɛ ne baabi a woyɛ adwuma no so.
2mW (PK56C): ɛfata ma dan mu fiber jumper sɔhwɛ wɔ 1km. Tumi a wɔde di dwuma a ɛba fam koraa, battery nkwa nna tenten, bo a ɛba fam sen biara. Ɛfata ma fiber links a ɛkɔ akyirikyiri wɔ data centers ne office adan mu.
5mW (PK56D): nea ɛkari pɛ a wɔpaw. Ɛfata ma 2-3km mfinimfini-kwansin fiber nkitahodi. Wotumi hu no pefee wɔ mmeae a ɛwɔ dan mu ne nea ɛwɔ abɔnten fã nyinaa. Ɛfata ma telecom base station ne FTTx afuw mu sɔhwɛ dodow no ara.
10mW (PK56B): ɛfata ma 3-5km tenten-kwansin fiber nkitahodi. Ɛda so ara mu da hɔ wɔ abɔnten mmeae, ɛfata ma nsiesie a wɔyɛ no daa ne ɔhaw ahorow a wosiesie wɔ trunk fiber ho.
20mW (PK56E): adwumayɛfo abasobɔde. Ɛfata ma fiber links a ɛboro 5km. Wotumi hu no pefee wɔ awia hann a ano yɛ den mpo mu, ɛfata ma trunk cable a wosiesie ne akyirikyiri OTDR-aboa gyinabea. Hyɛ no nsow: 20mW kanea kɔkɔɔ betumi ayɛ asiane ama aniwa wɔ akyirikyiri — kwati sɛ wobɛhwɛ fiber awiei-anim tẽẽ.
Ɛte sɛ nea kanea kɔkɔɔ sɔhwɛ a ɛnyɛ den, nanso akwan horow pii betumi ama adwumayɛ atu mpɔn kɛse. Nea edi kan: ‘injection a wɔakyekyɛ mu.’ Ebia fiber link tenten bi benya splice closures pii. Sɛ wɔde kanea kɔkɔɔ hyɛ link no nyinaa mu na ɛnfa mu a, mfa w’ani nhwɛ ne tenten nyinaa — fa kanea kɔkɔɔ no fã biara: fa mu wɔ splice closure a edi kan no mu na hwɛ sɛ kanea kɔkɔɔ no du nea ɛto so abien no so anaa. Eyi yi ɔfã bɛn na ɛwɔ ɔhaw no fi afoforo ho ntɛmntɛm.
Nea ɛto so abien: ‘bend leakage.’ Hann kɔkɔɔ a ɛwɔ nhama mu no pue wɔ mmeae a wɔabɔ no denneennen. Sɛ woresiesie fiber mfomsoɔ a, fa kanea kɔkɔɔ kyerɛwdua no fa fiber kwan no so — bɛn mfomsoɔ beaeɛ no, kanea kɔkɔɔ hyerɛn mpofirim anaasɛ ɛtwetwe. Saa kwan yi ho wɔ mfaso titiriw ma ɔhaw ahorow a ahintaw te sɛ ‘hama a mpɔtorɔ amene’ anaa ‘hama a wɔabubu denam adansi so’ ho dwuma.
Nea ɛto so abiɛsa: ‘ambient light filtering.’ Wɔ mmeae a ɛhɔ yɛ hyew anaasɛ hann a ano yɛ den wom no, hann kɔkɔɔ betumi ayɛ nea hann a atwa yɛn ho ahyia no ahyɛ so. Fa all-in-one no 'peak hold' dwumadie no di dwuma — kanea kɔkɔɔ fibea no yɛ adwuma wɔ pulsed mode mu, na OPM samples no wɔ pulse window no mu nko ara, yiyi ambient hann interference no fi hɔ. PK56B–E series nyinaa boa pulsed kɔkɔɔ kanea mode.
Nea ɛto so anan: ‘awiei anim nhwehwɛmu a edi kan.’ Ansa na wode kanea kɔkɔɔ bɛhyɛ mu no, hwɛ sɛnea fiber no awiei anim tew. Sɛ mfutuma wɔ n’awiei anim a, kanea kɔkɔɔ petepete n’awiei anim, na ɛda adi sɛ ahomegye, bere a nokwarem no, ɛho agu fĩ ara kwa. Fa ahwehwɛ a ɛma nneɛma kɛse hwɛ na sɛ ɛho hia a, hohoro ho ansa na woayɛ nhwehwɛmu — eyi kwati sɛ wobehu yare a ɛnteɛ pii.
Wɔ akuw a wɔhwɛ so no fam no, fa kanea kɔkɔɔ sɔhwɛ ka fiber link siesie a wɔyɛ no daa ho. Sɛ wopɛ fiber links foforo a, yɛ red light continuity verification bere a wogye tom no. Wɔ ɔsom mu no, yɛ kanea kɔkɔɔ haw ahorow ano aduru asram abiɛsa biara (ɔsram biara ma nkitahodi ahorow a ɛho hia). Sɛ mfomso bi ba wie a, fa kanea kɔkɔɔ no di kan hwehwɛ baabi a abubu no, afei fa OPM no hwɛ sɛ wɔasiesie no anaa.
Wɔ adetɔfo a wɔda so ara wɔ paw fã no fam no, fa mfiri a ne nyinaa yɛ biako a hann kɔkɔɔ fibea wom di kan. Bere a all-in-one units bo yɛ den sen OPM ahorow a egyina hɔ ma no, mfaso a wonya fi sika a wɔde asie so no yɛ kɛse bere a wɔde toto mfaso a wonya fi adwumayɛ mu yiye ne bere a wɔde siesie mfomso a ɛso atew no ho no. Telecom base station fiber break biako betumi ama nnɔnhwerew pii atwa adwumayɛ mu, bere a afiri a ɛwɔ ne nyinaa mu no hwehwɛ break no wɔ simma 10 mu — bere a wɔkora so no boro mfiri no ho ka so koraa. View the PV Test Instruments Collection
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